Job scope:

• Manage logistics and provide support for on-site program/events related activities (will need to reach site early or end later to set up/pack up respectively)
• Organise program materials and manage inventory
• Handle administrative tasks related to programs/events
• Other ad-hoc duties as assigned

If you're interested in the position, kindly forward your comprehensive resume, along with your expected salary and availability, in MS Word format to [email protected]

Shermaine Soo Yi Ning

CEI Reg R1877837

Recruit Express Pte Ltd

EA License No; 99C4599

We regret that only shortlisted candidates will be contacted.

Job Description

Responsibilities:-

1. Application Support: Providing guidance and assistance in managing and maintaining the Red Prairie WMS applications. This includes ensuring the applications are running smoothly and addressing any issues that arise.
2. System Configuration and Administration: Installing, configuring, and administering the Red Prairie WMS systems. This involves setting up connections to source and target systems and ensuring the system is optimized for performance.
3. Performance Monitoring and Tuning: Regularly monitoring the performance of the WMS applications and conducting health checks to ensure optimal performance. This also includes performance tuning and addressing any bottlenecks or issues.
4. User Administration and Security: Managing user accounts, roles, and authorizations to ensure secure access to the WMS systems. Implementing and maintaining security policies and procedures to protect data and system integrity.
5. System Upgrades and Patch Management: Planning and executing system upgrades, patches, and enhancements to keep the WMS systems up-to-date. Ensuring compatibility and stability of the system during and after upgrades.
6. Backup and Recovery: Developing and implementing backup and recovery strategies to ensure data protection and system availability. Performing regular backups and testing recovery procedures.
7. Collaboration and Support: Working closely with other IT teams, including database administrators, network administrators, and application developers, to ensure seamless integration and support. Providing technical support and troubleshooting for WMS-related issues.
8. Communication and Problem-Solving: Effectively communicating with technical and non-technical stakeholders to ensure clear understanding and alignment. Quickly identifying issues and developing effective solutions to ensure smooth operations.

Desired Skills:

1. Technical Expertise: Proficiency in Red Prairie WMS, including system configuration, administration, and performance tuning. This includes setting up connections to source and target systems and ensuring the system is optimized for performance.
2. Data Integration and ETL Processes: Experience in designing, developing, and maintaining ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) processes to ensure efficient data integration from various sources into target systems.
3. System Monitoring and Performance Tuning: Ability to monitor and optimize the performance of WMS applications and conducting health checks to ensure optimal performance.
4. User Administration and Security: Managing user accounts, roles, and authorizations to ensure secure access to the WMS systems. Implementing and maintaining security policies and procedures to protect data and system integrity.
5. Backup and Recovery: Developing and implementing backup and recovery strategies to ensure data protection and system availability. Performing regular backups and testing recovery procedures.
6. Collaboration and Communication: Strong communication skills to work closely with other IT teams, including database administrators, network administrators, and application developers, to ensure seamless integration and support.
7. Problem-Solving: Strong problem-solving skills to troubleshoot and resolve issues efficiently.
8. Attention to Detail: Ensuring accuracy and thoroughness in all tasks.
9. Customer Service: Providing support and assistance to end-users.

Desired Experience :- Overall 12+ years of providing guidance and assistance in managing and maintaining the Red Prairie WMS applications. This includes ensuring the applications are running smoothly and addressing any issues that arise.

1. Minimum of 5 years of experience in a full cycle implementation as well as in support projects.
2. Minimum of 5 years of experience in
3. Ability to multitask and manage multiple deliverables and projects at the same time.
4. Understanding of accounting business processes.
5. Ability to understand business processes from a customer perspective.
6. Must be resourceful, adaptable, flexible and have a can-do attitude.
7. Relevant degree such as Bachelor's or Master's Degree in, Computer Science, Business/Administration, Business, Engineering, Information Technology."
8. Certifications:Certified Supply Chain Professional (CSCP), Certified in Production and Inventory Management (CPIM), etc.

EA Number: 11C4879

Job Description:

• Review purchase and material requisition, and issue purchase orders to suppliers.
• Liaise with suppliers / vendors to get quotation.
• Responsible for company vehicle road tax, COE, Insurance policies and etc.
• Handle application or renewal of company licences including ISO certificates.
• Manage foreign worker dormitory records and update in MOM website (OFWAS)
• Perform all general administrative tasks.
• Able to multitask and handle ad-hoc tasks.

Job Requirements:

• Minimum GCE ‘O’ Level.
• Proficient in MS Office applications.
• Pleasant disposition with good communication and interpersonal skills.
• Bilingual in English and Mandarin (to liaise with Mandarin speaking associates).

We regret only shortlisted candidates will be notified.

Roles & Responsibilities

· Ensure customer satisfaction through promoting excellent service; respond to customer complaints tactfully and professionally

· Analyze staff evaluations and feedback to improve the customer’s experience

· Project future needs for goods and cleaning products; order accordingly

· Oversee health code compliance and sanitation standards

· Seek ways to cut waste and decrease operational costs

· Generate weekly, monthly, and annual reports for the management

· Train new employees and provide ongoing training for all staff

· Attend quarterly P&L meetings

Executive (Corporate Procurement)

You will be supporting the Contracts and Procurement Division (Corporate) in the following areas:

What you will be working on

• To assist and support in checking procurement related documents
• To assist and support in data entries for procurement requests in JTC’s IT System (PROMPT)
• To assist in checking & verifying Corrigendum in PROMPT
• To assist in checking Award Recommendation Reports (TRR)
• To assist in checking evaluation matrices for Price and Quality scorings
• To assist and support in preparing draft Letter of Acceptance
• To assist and support in updating Contract Details in PROMPT
• To assist and support in requesting for creation of Contract Files in JTC’s IT System (KRIS)
• To assist and support in checking and uploading Security Deposit in PROMPT
• To assist and support in checking and uploading Insurance Policies in PROMPT
• To assist and support in updating changes of Project Team Members, External Consultants/Managing Agents in PROMPT
• To assist and support in preparing draft Letter of Extension
• To assist and support in performing Contract Closure (PROMPT)
• Any other procurement and contract management related administrative work as and when required

What we are looking for

Background in Procurement or Building or Quantity Surveying

Key Responsibilities

1. Operations CoordinationManage day-to-day operations, including vessel arrival/departure schedules and service requirements.
   Liaise with port authorities, agents, and service providers to ensure seamless execution of services.
   Oversee bunkering, provisioning, and other service arrangements as required.
   
2. Client ManagementAct as the main point of contact for vessel masters and clients, addressing queries and concerns promptly.
   Ensure all services are delivered in line with client expectations and contracts.
   Maintain strong relationships with existing clients and identify opportunities to enhance satisfaction.
   
3. Documentation and CompliancePrepare and review shipping documentation, including manifests, bills of lading, and port clearance documents.
   Ensure compliance with local and international maritime regulations and company policies.
   Maintain accurate records of services provided and costs incurred.
   
4. Cost Control and ReportingMonitor expenses related to vessel services and ensure cost-effectiveness.
   Prepare and submit operational reports, including cost analysis and service summaries.
   Assist in budget preparation and performance tracking.
   
5. Stakeholder EngagementBuild and maintain positive working relationships with port authorities, customs officials, and third-party vendors.
   Coordinate with internal teams such as procurement, finance, and operations to ensure efficient service delivery.
   

Qualifications and Skills

• Bachelor’s degree in Maritime Studies, Logistics, or a related field (or equivalent experience).
• Knowledge of marine and shipping operations, including port regulations and vessel requirements.
• Strong organizational and problem-solving skills with attention to detail.
• Excellent communication and interpersonal skills to interact effectively with diverse stakeholders.
• Proficiency in relevant software, including MS Office and maritime logistics systems.
• Ability to work under pressure and in a fast-paced environment.

Roles & Responsibilities

· Ensure customer satisfaction through promoting excellent service; respond to customer complaints tactfully and professionally

· Analyze staff evaluations and feedback to improve the customer’s experience

· Project future needs for goods and cleaning products; order accordingly

· Oversee health code compliance and sanitation standards

· Seek ways to cut waste and decrease operational costs

· Generate weekly, monthly, and annual reports for the management

· Train new employees and provide ongoing training for all staff

· Attend quarterly P&L meetings

Roles & Responsibilities

· Ensure customer satisfaction through promoting excellent service; respond to customer complaints tactfully and professionally

· Analyze staff evaluations and feedback to improve the customer’s experience

· Project future needs for goods and cleaning products; order accordingly

· Oversee health code compliance and sanitation standards

· Seek ways to cut waste and decrease operational costs

· Generate weekly, monthly, and annual reports for the management

· Train new employees and provide ongoing training for all staff

· Attend quarterly P&L meetings

The job:

• Adhere SOPs in established AR and credit control processes and perform the required data entry
• Adhere to established protocols for processing receipts and handling cash.
• Update email address for E-Invoice and E-SOA
• Upload invoice to portal eg. gov.sg
• Handle billing, collection, and reporting tasks within designated deadlines.
• Respond promptly to inquiries from customers/banker and sales teams.
• Undertake accounts reconciliation of receipts
• Timely month-end closing for accounts receivable function
• Monitor and ensure healthy AR ageing report
• Follow up with the collection for non-payments, delayed payments and other irregularities
• Conduct monthly debtor meeting to discuss on the outstanding invoices with sales team
• Review new customer application and creation of account
• To prepare periodic reports and schedules
• Assist in annual Parts Stock take
• Assist in annual audits
• Other ad-hoc task assign

Requirement :

• Minimum - Diploma in Accountancy
• 2-3 years of general accounting experience. Industry experience in accounts payable and banking advantageous
• Proficient in Microsoft Excel, Word and PowerPoint. Attentive to details & accuracy.

All Successful candidates can expect a very competitive remuneration package and a comprehensive range of benefits.

Please email your resume in a detailed MS Word format to [email protected] stating

Current Drawn

Expecting Salary

Date Available

Reason to Leave each job:

We regret that only shortlisted candidates will be notified

Joyce Koh Ai Leng

People Profilers Pte Ltd

20 Cecil St, #08-09, PLUS Building, Singapore 049705

Tel: 6950 9737

www.peopleprofilers.com

EA License Number: 02C4944

EA Personnel Reg nos R1110618

Job ID: L3V4YYW8

• Process payment vouchers and handle accounts payable tasks
• Manage posting and recovering of expenses
• Assist with audit confirmation requests from clients
• Responding to inquiries from different departments.
• Aid in bank reconciliation and diligently follow up to clear any unreconciled items.
• Any other matters/projects that the management may require assistance with from time to time.

Requirements:

• Minimum LCCI / Diploma in Accounting
• Minimum 1 year of working experience in similar capacity
• Good communication skills
• Proficiency in Microsoft 365
• A team player who is analytical, independent, meticulous and resourceful

Please visit our website at www.drewnapier.com for other available vacancies.

Kindly state full details of qualifications, experience, current and expected salary in your resume.

(We thank all applicants for writing in. Only shortlisted candidates will be notified. All applications will be treated with the strictest confidential).

115

Roles & Responsibilities

· Ensure customer satisfaction through promoting excellent service; respond to customer complaints tactfully and professionally

· Analyze staff evaluations and feedback to improve the customer’s experience

· Project future needs for goods and cleaning products; order accordingly

· Oversee health code compliance and sanitation standards

· Seek ways to cut waste and decrease operational costs

· Generate weekly, monthly, and annual reports for the management

· Train new employees and provide ongoing training for all staff

· Attend quarterly P&L meetings

Roles & Responsibilities

· Ensure customer satisfaction through promoting excellent service; respond to customer complaints tactfully and professionally

· Analyze staff evaluations and feedback to improve the customer’s experience

· Project future needs for goods and cleaning products; order accordingly

· Oversee health code compliance and sanitation standards

· Seek ways to cut waste and decrease operational costs

· Generate weekly, monthly, and annual reports for the management

· Train new employees and provide ongoing training for all staff

· Attend quarterly P&L meetings

Overview: -

• 5.5 Days office hours
• Changi Area

Your Responsibilities: -

• Review customers’ contracts and cross-check with sales data for claim processing
• Responsible to resolve unidentified receipts, timely allocation of customer payment & account reconciliation
• Full range of account AR/AP
• Maintain financial records and accounts
• Prepare financial statements and reports
• Conduct monthly AR review with Commercial and send SOA to customers

You will need: -

• Degree or diploma holder with a minimum of 2 years of experience
• Proven experience with SAP and BI Reports.
• Advanced proficiency in MS Excel for efficient and effective handling of large data volumes.

Interested applicants may click "Apply Now" to submit your application.

By submitting your personal data and/or resume, you will be deemed to have agreed and consented to us collecting, using, retaining, and disclosing your personal information to prospective employers for their consideration.

We regret to inform that only shortlisted candidates would be notified. We wish you the best of luck!

Recruit Lync Pte. Ltd. | EA Licence Number: 22C1000

Sng Peng Hon Benjamin | EA Personnel Licence: R22106277

Roles & Responsibilities

· Ensure customer satisfaction through promoting excellent service; respond to customer complaints tactfully and professionally

· Analyze staff evaluations and feedback to improve the customer’s experience

· Project future needs for goods and cleaning products; order accordingly

· Oversee health code compliance and sanitation standards

· Seek ways to cut waste and decrease operational costs

· Generate weekly, monthly, and annual reports for the management

· Train new employees and provide ongoing training for all staff

· Attend quarterly P&L meetings

Roles & Responsibilities

· Ensure customer satisfaction through promoting excellent service; respond to customer complaints tactfully and professionally

· Analyze staff evaluations and feedback to improve the customer’s experience

· Project future needs for goods and cleaning products; order accordingly

· Oversee health code compliance and sanitation standards

· Seek ways to cut waste and decrease operational costs

· Generate weekly, monthly, and annual reports for the management

· Train new employees and provide ongoing training for all staff

· Attend quarterly P&L meetings

Roles & Responsibilities

· Ensure customer satisfaction through promoting excellent service; respond to customer complaints tactfully and professionally

· Analyze staff evaluations and feedback to improve the customer’s experience

· Project future needs for goods and cleaning products; order accordingly

· Oversee health code compliance and sanitation standards

· Seek ways to cut waste and decrease operational costs

· Generate weekly, monthly, and annual reports for the management

· Train new employees and provide ongoing training for all staff

· Attend quarterly P&L meetings

• Receive guests and be the ‘face’ of the company - perform front desk duties when required
• Point person for office administration work including maintenance, mailing, shipping, supplies, equipment, bills and errands
• Manage relationships with office vendors, building management, service providers and other stakeholders, ensuring that all items are invoiced and paid on time
• Assist in booking facilities for meeting and/or facilitating for online meetings
• Provide timely support for managers on administration matters and tasks
• Responsible for developing and implementing office policies by setting up procedures and standards to guide the operation of the office

Requirements:

• Min 3 years of relevant work experience
• Proficient in Microsoft Office suite
• Good interpersonal and communication skills
• Meticulous and detailed oriented
• Ability to handle highly confidential information of critical nature
• Experience in managing multiple priorities, administrative coordination, and logistics
• Well-organized, detail-oriented, ability to multi-task with great follow-up skills
• Must be able to work night shift or split shift
• Must be able to work extra hours or weekend if needed

Job Descriptions of Accounts and Administrative Clerk

· To assist in maintaining full set of accounts;

· To assist in GST and CPF submission;

· To assist in CPF and GST submission;

· To assist in procurement

· To assist in Human Resources tasks when instructed to;

· To assist in monitoring the aging of receivables and follow-up on collections;

· Perform monthly reconciliation of vendor statements of accounts and ensure payments are processed timely;

· Other accounts and administrative related works as instructed;

· Maintains an organized workplace;

· To work as part of a team;

· Administrative tasks such as photocopying, scanning, answering of phone calls, filling & documentation, etc.;

· To ensure you maintain a clean and safe workplace;

· To undertake any other such tasks as may be assigned from time to time by your immediate supervisor.

Job Description

• Industry/ Organization Type: Manufacturing
• Position Title: Accounts and Admin Assistant
• Working Location: Woodlands
• Working Hours: 5 days (Mon - Fri, 8.30 am - 6.15 pm)
• Salary Package: Basic salary up to $2,200 + OT + AWS + Variable bonus
• Duration: Permanent Role

Key Responsibilities

• Support a wide range of Accounts Receivable (AR) duties, including preparing invoices, verifying sales, managing month-end closing, and performing account reconciliation.
• Prepare and process various documents, such as Invoices (Credit and Cash Terms) and Credit Notes.
• Track and monitor collections and payments, updating the Aging List for the Sales team to follow up where necessary.
• Reconcile outstanding payments, resolve billing disputes, and address discrepancies.
• Prepare and process Purchase Orders (PO).
• Assist with Stock Management, including tracking daily stock movements and managing monthly and year-end stock take.
• Ensure accurate and timely entry of AR, AP, and GL transactions into the accounting system.

APPLY NOW!!!

• Diploma or Certificate in Accounting or equivalent
• Proficient in Microsoft Office applications
• Good organizational skills with excellent time management and the ability to prioritize tasks

Kindly apply through ANY of the following methods:

• Submit your application by clicking the APPLY button;
• Email your resume to [email protected]. Please indicate #69318 on the email subject.

Anradus Application Policy: We value each application and ensure every resume is reviewed. Our process is efficient, typically concluding within 3 working days. If you do not receive communication from us within this timeframe, it's likely that your application has not been shortlisted by our client. In such cases, we recommend continuing your job search to maximize your opportunities.

Anradus Pte Ltd | EA License No. 20C0161 | Rachael Lee | EA Reg No.: R2093131

• Preparing and overseeing financial statements (balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statements).
• Analyzing financial data to identify trends, patterns, and areas for improvement.
• Ensuring that all financial reports comply with relevant accounting standards and regulations (such as IFRS or GAAP).
• Managing the accounts payable (AP) and accounts receivable (AR) functions, ensuring timely payment processing and collection of funds.
• Overseeing vendor and client accounts to ensure accuracy in invoicing, payments, and receipts.
• Ensuring that outstanding invoices are followed up on and cleared in a timely manner.
• Ensuring the accurate preparation and filing of corporate taxes.
• Collaborating with tax consultants or in-house teams to minimize the company’s tax liability while ensuring compliance with tax laws.

Roles & Responsibilities

The main responsibilities of the role will include (but not limited to):

Client and relationship:

· Act as a point of contact for the clients on their day to day affairs, with supervision where necessary, and ensure that all communication, whether written or spoken in a professional manner;

· Maintain good relationship with clients;

· Respond to and deal with client queries in a professional and timely manner

· Ensure that the manager is kept up to date with any issues arising from the client or itsactivities

Service provision:

· Prepare financial data for entry into the accounting system

· Ensure all receipts are updated in the accounting system on timely basis

· Handle the banking of cheques into bank accounts on timely basis

· Handle accounts receivables and accounts payables

· Prepare bank reconciliation and audit schedules

· Prepare monthly payslips for payroll purpose

· Handle account closing up to the monthly trial balance, income statement and balance sheet

· Handle quarterly Goods and Services Tax filing

· Handle corporate secretarial documents and annual return filing

· Compilation of accounts or reports (preparation of unaudited report)

· Liaising with external auditor

· Handle corporate tax computation and tax return filing

· Perform other ad-hoc duties as assigned

Requirements

· Minimum Diploma/Degree in Accountancy/Finance;

· Fresh graduates are encouraged to apply.

· Proactive and committed to meet deadline;

· Pleasant personality and organised.

· At least 2 years of professional firm experience will be an advantage.

· Experience of auditing or tax (corporate income tax) will be an advantage.

· Experience of usage of Quickbooks, Xero, SAGE will be an advantage.

Job Type: Full-time

Salary: $3,000 - $4,000 per month

Benefits:

· Performance bonus will be considered (average: 2 months for past a few years)

· Company trip (year 2024 : trip to Japan) may conduct once in 2 to 3 years

· Team building has been conducted once every 2 months. (the company gave some budget and team can organize lunch or activity)

· Manager distributed work schedule (list of assigned task in a month) to each staff at the beginning of month based on the position and capability to avoid giving heavy workload to each staff

Work environment and past benefits track records:

※This is not mandatory benefit to available to everyone. It is an example that the company provided such a benefit to certain employee last time or currently. And the decision is subject to the employer and performance/working period.

· The company subsidizes lecture, exam fees or courses (ACCA/Secretary/IRAS) if it is subject to work related.

· A few staff opt to work from home a few days in a week

· Average OT hours is less than 5 hours in a month

· Work from own country due to personal matters (period is limited) such as Bereavement, returning home, pregnancy, buying a house, etc.

Job Scope

1. Input invoices received from Local Vendors
2. AP invoice EDI
3. Check and tally monthly Export/Import/General Expenses submitted by Agents against Tariffs and Rates in Company’s system.
4. EDI monthly reports into system after reports checked and in order.
5. Arrange payment or receipt to/from agents.

Job Requirements:

· Some practical experience in working with accounts/bookkeeping.

· Diploma or its equivalent

· 1 year of experience in account, experience would be a distinct advantage/ fresh graduates with a diploma in accounting (or similar) would be welcome too.

· Proficient in Microsoft Office

· Practical experience in Microsoft Business Central preferred

· Ability to work in a team, meticulous and responsible.

Please submit resumes to [email protected] with

- Position applying for

- Current remuneration

- Expected remuneration

- Notice period

John Goh Meng Chye

EA License No : 06C4642

EA Reg No : R1102621

We regret that only shortlisted candidates will be notified.

Role Purpose

This role is responsible for the timely and accurate processing of supplier invoices and staff reimbursement claims through IMOS and SAP Accounting system, ensuring that only valid and authorized invoices are processed promptly and paid.

To perform monthly creditor statement reconciliations and follow up any reconciling items.

Role Accountabilities

AP Functions

• To process the staff expense claims on timely basis making sure in compliance with the expense policy. All out of policy expenses needs to be highlighted to the reporting Manager before executing.
• To ensure all supplier invoices/Staff Claims/DA documents are promptly recorded in IMOS/SAP.
• To ensure that all suppliers are paid in accordance with credit terms at the same time maximize the working capital by extending credit where feasible and reasonable
• To answer and attend to all internal and external queries
• To ensure all invoices are properly approved per Authorization Matrix
• To file accounts payable documents

Planning and Analysis

• To reconcile major creditor statements monthly, minor ones quarterly, and ensure all items appearing on the creditor statements relate to current invoices
• To follow up and clear reconciling items on a timely basis.

Others

• Engage business improvement process to identify wastes and inefficiencies, suggest and assist to implement business improvement process to increase efficiencies
• To take a proactive role in the development and enhancement of processing systems associated with administration costs processing and reporting
• Perform other duties as agreed with your direct report/manager.

Safety

• Take responsibility for the safety of myself and those around me by displaying safety leadership principles (i.e. Safety I’s & Accountability ladder)
• Challenging and stopping unsafe acts and behaviors or unsafe conditions.
• Comply with the Global Safety Standards, Polices and Operating Procedures.

Key Qualifications & Skills

Qualifications

• Diploma in Business Studies/Accountancy
• At least 2 years of experience in AP Function

Technical Skills

• Conversant in MS Office Outlook, Excel, Word. ERP experience is preferred (SAP FICO/IMOS/Oracle Financials/Accpac/Sage/Others) Driven and positive attitude on learning

Professional Skills

• Proactive
• Good interpersonal skills
• Resilient and confident personality
• A Team player who is meticulous and have good communication and interpersonal skills.

By submitting your CV, you are deemed to have agreed and consent to the collection, use and/or disclosure of your personal data to the Company for the purposes of recruitment and employment only in accordance with the Company's Recruitment Data Privacy Policy on our website.

RESPONSIBILITIES

• · Handle Accounts Payable function
• · Ensure invoices are properly approved and posted on a timely and accurately manner
• · Attend to queries from external vendors
• · Assist with month-end closing and other month-end tasks
• · Prepare Withholding tax for submission to IRAS
• · Other finance and accounting activities as assigned.

REQUIREMENTS

• Degree in Accountancy or equivalent professional qualifications (ACCA)
• Minimum 4 years of AP experience
• Ability to work independently and deadline oriented
• Meticulous, possess good interpersonal skills and a team player
• Previous experience in the Marine or Construction industry is an advantage.
• Able to commence within short notice

Others

• Proficient with MS Office especially Excel such as Vlookup, Pivot Table
• Hands-on experience with accounting software
• Knowledge of IFS or SAP software will be advantageous
• Knowledge of forex

• Support HR-related administrative tasks.
• Verify workers' job cards and timesheets for payroll processing.
• Maintain accurate records of leave entitlements, including annual, medical, and other types of leave.
• Handle applications and renewals for Work Permits
• Coordinate training programs for workers
• Assist with ISO, Green & Gracious, and other audit preparations.
• Perform ad-hoc administrative duties as needed.

Requirements

• Detail-oriented and meticulous in work.
• Capable of thriving in a fast-paced environment.