• Preparing all Final Disbursement Accounts (FDA) accurately and within deadlines.
• Prepare and arrange 'Cash To Master (CTM)' with vendors.
• Process payment to suppliers and staff reimbursement.
• Maintaining accurate and up-to-date records of financial transactions, including accounts payable and receivable, general ledger entries, and bank reconciliations.
• Prepare invoices for reporting.
• Prepare monthly AP journals, postings and schedules.
• Any other adhoc tasks as assigned by your immediate supervisor.

Job Requirements:

• Ó' level with 1-2 years of relevant experience.
• Preferably from Shipping Industry.
• Diploma in Accountancy with no experience is welcome to apply.
• 5 day work week.
• Salary: Up to $3500

Interested applicants, please email your resume to [email protected]

E-Ployment Consultancy

EA License No: 09C0884

EAP Name/ Registered No: Ivan Mah/ R1108310

Job Description & Requirements

Responsibilities

• Deliver customer service excellence by greeting walk-in customers, attending to their shopping enquiries, promoting products to them and assisting with the order fulfilment processes.
• Replenish and arrange merchandise according to Company’s Standard Operating Procedures.
• Perform out-of-stock, quality, and expiry checks.
• Perform price tagging and ensure accuracy.
• Perform cashiering duties including customer exchanges and refunds and promoting customer loyalty programme during the checkout process.
• Create and maintain retail outlet displays.
• Perform general housekeeping duties to ensure and maintain a high standard of housekeeping and hygiene.
• Assist in retail outlet opening and closing including participating in the cashier balancing process.
• Participate in stock-take.

Prerequisities

• Candidates with retail experience preferred but not necessary, training will be provided.
• Minimum GCE 'O' or 'N' level.
• Able to read and understand English
• IT literacy will be added advantage
• Positive attitude and friendly disposition
• Good team player, and able to work independently
• Required to work on rotating shifts, weekends and Public Holidays
• Able to carry heavy load (avg 15 to 20 kg)
• Good communication and interpersonal skills

Job Summary:

Assist in the kitchen operations in areas of food preparation and processing, cleaning and sanitation.

Key Responsibilities:

• Perform duties to keep all areas of the kitchen clean and sanitized including floors, walls, drains, food processing equipment, cooking utensils and other light equipment daily and periodically.

• Remove food wastes from waste receptacles thereafter clean and sanitize bins.

• To assist in daily food preparation assigned by the Head Chef.

• Ensure that all food are processed according to the corporate and government regulatory control in hygiene and sanitation standards.

• Ensure the safe operation of all cleaning equipment and report to the management of any faulty equipment.

• Attend weekly service meetings to improve and enhance service level.

• Responsible to wear the uniform that is provided and to maintain a neat and professional appearance at all times.

• Performs any other duties as directed by the Head Chef.

Job Description & Requirements

1.) Drafting of memo/email/letter

2.) Preparation of monthly expenses report

3.) Daily administrative work (Operation)

4.) Invoice data entry and preparation of varies monthly reports

5.) General administrative task and filing

6.) Fleeting management

7.) Issue Purchase order

8.) Assist to source for material

9.) Safety equipment maintenance

10.) Equipment calibration maintenance

Work Schedule:

Required to work 5.5 day per week. Monday to Friday: 9am to 6pm, Saturday: 9am to 1pm

Salary Package:

SGD3000-SGD3500

Requirement:

Min 1 year experience in relevant experiences

Pleasant personality, independent, initiative and has a positive attitude

Responsiblities:

Oversee merchandising and inventory levels.

Support in marketing activities.

Provide updating on product information/pricing in inventory system

Data Entry on purchasing order, good receiving, sales invoices and inventory movement etc

Arrange incoming shipment with shipper and ensure timely clearance and delivery of goods

Handling documentation/custom permit

Answering phone calls and to liaise/co-ordinate with customers/supplier.

Stock-taking and any ad-hoc duties as assigned.

Able to correspond independently.

Computer Skill required:

Proficiency in MS Office

Compensation & Benefits

• Annual Increment
• Performance Incentive Bonus
• Career Progression

For quick reply, please contact me at +65 85878287

Registration Number: R21100938 (Tan Jie Bei)

EA Licence No: 22C1301 (Unisearch Services Pte Ltd)

Job Description

• Handle general admin tasks (phone calls, office stationery, office maintenance, attendance checking on time management system)
• Provide clerical & administrative support to project team, etc.
• Handle foreign worker related duties such as work pass application/renewal, worker employment contract (in both English & Chinese), medical examination arrangement, training courses application, registration of address in MOM portal, etc.
• Handle all related Workers Dormitory Issues and PCP applications
• Responsible for the maintenance, co-ordination and administrative set up of system access activation and de-activation (from on-boarding to off-boarding) and updating of employees database
• Responsible for Filing, Labeling, Storing and Maintain up-to-date file records, office supplies and assets to enable quick retrieval and always available
• Assist in any routine and ad-hoc HR & Admin duties

Job Requirement

• Diploma in HR / Business-related studies or equivalent
• Min 2 years HR Admin WPOL experience in construction sector
• Able to communicate to Chinese Construction Workers is a must
• Independent and able to multitask & hardworking
• Able to work in a fast-paced environment
• Mon to Sat (5.5 Day Week)

Working Hours:

Mondays - Fridays

8.30 am - 5.30 pm

Work Location:

Tuas Area

Company Transport pick up:

Woodlands / Tuas West Road

Jobs Scope

• Conceptualize, design, develop, implement and review of sales, marketing & PR strategies.
• Plan, co-ordinate, execute and manage sponsorships, promotional activities, events & roadshows.
• Support product, sales and export departments with marketing related activities and materials.
• Assist in attend to ad-hoc walk in customers sales enquiries in showrooms at times.
• Responsible for creating, managing, optimizing, tracking social media & SEO/SEM campaigns.
• Managing & updating of brands websites with product information & events.
• Managing & contents creation for social media accounts (Facebook, Instagram, Youtube & Tiktok), response to relevant social media & customers enquiries.
• Preparation of monthly marketing report & regular updating of competitors benchmarking reports.
• To ensure all brand & marketing guidelines are followed & implemented by both local & export markets.
• Responsible in planning & conducting internal / external trainings in relation to product & marketing.
• Oversees export distributors marketing activities & supports with available marketing resources.
• Responsible for managing brand image for showrooms & events (Local & Export markets).
• Any other ad-hoc duties that may be assigned from time to time.

Requirements

• NITEC or Diploma in Marketing / Mass Communication / Business Admin or related fields.
• Prior marketing experience would be preferred.
• Proficient in Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator and other designing software will be an added advantage.
• Team player with good interpersonal, oral and written communications skills.
• Entry level are welcome to apply.

• Previous experience in a kitchen or culinary environment is preferred but not mandatory
• Basic understanding of food preparation techniques and kitchen safety
• Ability to work in a fast-paced environment and adapt to changing priorities
• Excellent communication skills and a willingness to learn from experienced chefs
• Physical ability to stand for extended periods, lift heavy objects, and perform repetitive tasks
• Basic knife skills and familiarity with common kitchen equipment
• Strong attention to detail and commitment to cleanliness
• Team collaboration and the ability to take direction from chefs
• Enthusiasm for learning and a passion for the culinary arts

Duties:

· Handle treasury tasks like managing bank accounts, internet banking, and requesting fixed deposit rates, while preparing updates on cash portfolios.

· Reconcile carpark collections and refunds.

· Verify audited sales reports and follow up with customers for pending reports.

· Perform administrative duties, including uploading invoices, scheduling meetings, and booking rooms.

· Assist with ad hoc tasks as needed.

Requirements:

· At least 2 years in accounts, treasury or finance role

· Diploma in Accounting/ Finance or related studies

For interested candidates:

Kindly send you resume to: [email protected], OR please click ‘Apply Now’.

We regret to inform that only candidates will be contacted.

Dianne Balmaceda Antonio

R1105287

BGC Group Pte Ltd

EA 05C3053

Looking for EXPERIENCED clinic assistants only

Job Description

• Patient Registration
• Front desk administrative duties
• Dispensing of medication
• Stock management of medication and clinic supplies
• Cashier duties
• General housekeeping of the clinic

Job Requirements

• IT savvy
• Prior operation experience an added bonus
• Excellent customer service, communication and interpersonal skills
• Our family clinic serves a significant number of elderly patients who may not be fluent in English and often communicate in dialects such as Hokkien, Teochew, or Cantonese. Proficiency in Mandarin or the ability to converse in dialects would be highly beneficial.

THISS Technologies is a Singapore based SME providing leading edge satellite communications products and technology. We are currently looking for a hands-on general administrative assistant.

JOB DESCRIPTION

• Assist with general business administrative functions for accounts, logistics, procurement, human resource management, travel administration and office management.
• Assist with the preparation and processing of commercial documents such as quotations, purchase orders, invoices and delivery orders.
• Handle day-to-day data entry into accounting systems
• Procurement and purchasing functions including: sourcing vendors and quotations, preparation of purchase orders and maintenance of approved vendor list
• Handling shipping / deliveries, incoming / outgoing goods inspections, arranging for shipments and maintaining delivery records.
• Human resource administration including leave processing, timesheet collation for cost allocation and expense claims.
• Administration of fixed assets and inventories, including control and record-keeping for goods movements.
• Handling incoming orders from customers, issuing outgoing purchase orders to suppliers
• Assist with travel arrangements and administration including flight and accommodation booking and expense filing.
• Answering and directing incoming phone calls.
• Manage office supplies and purchasing, arrangements for employee or corporate functions.
• Meticulously organized digital and physical filing in line with the QMS process in particular for commercial control documents.
• Perform any other ad-hoc duties as assigned.

SKILLS / QUALIFICATIONS

Essential

• Minimum ITE, Diploma in Business Administration or related fields.
• Experienced candidate without the above qualification but with relevant experience would be considered.
• Qualified candidates with no prior experience or fresh graduates who demonstrate a strong interest and willingness to learn are encouraged to apply.
• Professional level English language skills – both written and verbal.
• Proficient with Microsoft Office applications, in particular the advanced use of Excel.
• Meticulous, highly organized, takes initiatives, fast learner
• Ability to multitask and prioritize

Desirable

• Higher level qualification in a related field.
• Mandarin language skills – both written and verbal. This is required to communicate effectively with our customers and international associated companies.
• Experience with Xero accounting software.
• Experience working in an ISO 9001 compliant environment.
• Familiarity with international shipping and logistics including import / export processes.
• Interested candidates kindly include with your current CV, expected salary, and a brief summary of your experience relevant to the listed job responsibilities.

Key Responsibilities:

• Work closely with the sales department to process sales rebate settlements.
• Review and verify rebate claim requests submitted by the sales team.
• Ensure timely and accurate data entry and maintain rebate records in Excel.
• Conduct basic data analysis to support rebate accruals and reconciliation.
• Perform Accounts Payable (AP) verifications, ensuring that invoices and payment requests are accurate and properly documented.
• Collaborate with the finance team to ensure that all rebate and AP transactions comply with the company's financial policies.
• Assist in preparing monthly reconciliation reports and other routine administrative finance tasks.

Requirements:

• Work experience: Less than 3 years of experience. Internship experience in finance or data analysis is a plus.
• Technical skills: Proficiency in Excel and basic VBA is required. Knowledge of Python is a plus but not mandatory.
• Language proficiency: Fluent in English and Mandarin (written and spoken) as the incumbent requires to liaise with Chinese-speaking stakeholders/counterparts for work or project related matters.
• Education: Relevant background in finance, accounting, or related fields.
• Immediate availability is a strong preference.

Work Arrangement:

• Onsite work, 5 days a week (no hybrid or remote options).
• Work locations: possible to work between both offices.
  
  Interested candidates, please click 'Apply Now' or send in your updated resume to [email protected]

At Alcon, we are driven by the meaningful work we do to help people see brilliantly. We innovate boldly, champion progress, and act with speed as the global leader in eye care. Here, you’ll be recognized for your commitment and contributions and see your career like never before. Together, we go above and beyond to make an impact in the lives of our patients and customers. We foster an inclusive culture and are looking for diverse, talented people to join Alcon.

As a Assistant Microbiology, you will be responsible for overseeing routine testing for the Microbiology lab to support our manufacturing production.

In this role, a typical day will include:

· Perform routine/non-routine microbiology testing as per plan. Test includes Bioburden for product (contact lens) samples, water samples, in process samples, and environmental monitoring, growth promotion test, plate reading.

· Support analysis and report micro testing result and trend. Provide timely feedback to area owner if abnormality observed. Perform periodical evaluation on Micro related program (e.g. Environmental Monitoring, utilities monitoring and product/raw material monitoring.

· Support investigation for any Microbiology Out-Of-Specification (OOS) excursion.

· Revise SOP/forms when necessary

· Responsible for ensuring a safe work environment and compliance to all applicable laws and regulations

· Support implementation of assigned projects and HSE related activities

· Performs any other duties as assigned by Supervisor according to business needs

WHAT YOU’LL BRING TO ALCON:

· Diploma in Microbiology, Medical science or related field with 1-2 years of relevant experience in microbiology lab

· Office hours

HOW YOU CAN THRIVE AT ALCON:

· Good team player

· Enjoy working with various cross functional team across manufacturing site

Alcon Careers

See your impact at alcon.com/careers

Job Description

• Provide general office admin support
• Full-cycle recruitment and on-boarding for new joiners.
• Administer work pass application, renewal and cancellation.
• Conduct new joiners' orientation and ensure smooth on-boarding for all new joiners.
• Handle internship recruitment.
• Sourcing, evaluation and purchasing of materials
• Provide admin support on daily sales operations
• Respond to customer enquiries as required..
• Assist in Accounts Payable / Accounts receivable filing, processing and payment.
• Support daily Accounts & Costing, conduct on-going operations & payroll.
• Perform accurate data entry and ensure proper filing documents.
• Perform any other assigned projects duties.

Company Description

Cogent Holdings Pte Ltd is a subsidiary of Cosco Shipping International (Singapore) Co., Ltd and has a wide range of clientele ranging from local SMEs to multinational companies. Cogent owns one of Singapore's largest one-stop integrated logistics hub, Cogent 1.Logistics Hub. It offers warehousing, freight forwarding, container and ISO tank depot, automotive logistics, and transportation services in Singapore. It also operates warehousing and container depot businesses in Malaysia.

Role Description

This is a full-time on-site role for an Admin Assistant at Cogent Eastern Precision Pte Ltd. The Admin Assistant will be responsible for day-to-day tasks related to the container depot operations, including accepting and processing container transactions, coordinating with customers and truck drivers, and ensuring accurate documentation.

1. Process documentation for container movement in the depot.

2. Attend to hauliers and process in-bound and out-bound container details in the system.

3. Collate daily storage, repair, and movement reports as well as any other ad-hoc requests required by the shipping/leasing line

4. Collect payment from hauliers and tally with reports.

Requirements:

1. Minimum GCE 'N' level

2. Minimum 1 year of working experience

3. Computer knowledge in Microsoft Office

4. Able to perform overtime when necessary

5. Willing to work alternate Saturday

Others:

1. Monday - Friday 8.30am - 5.45pm, Alternate Saturday 8.30am – 2pm

2. Subsidized meal daily

3. Medical, dental & insurance benefits

4. 2 way-Transport provided at Jurong East

5. Paid Over Time

Key Responsibilities:

• Assist in the planning and tracking of the ERP Project, including resource allocation and time management.
• Assist in coordinating with various internal stakeholders and vendors to ensure smooth communication and collaboration throughout the project.
• Assist in the entire system setup process, including discussions, development, User Acceptance Testing (UAT), and implementation.
• Assist in monitoring project progress, identifying potential issues, and resolving them to keep the project on track.
• Assist in customizing the ERP system to best fit the company’s operations and functions, ensuring the system meets business requirements and enhances efficiency.

Note: Once the project is completed, the role can vary depending on the current requirements and the employee's demonstrated strengths.

Job Requirements

• Ability to handle multi-disciplinary tasks efficiently.
• Independent individual with strong ownership and initiative to complete tasks.
• Proven ability to plan and execute projects effectively.
• Strong communication skills for discussions with internal stakeholders.
• Good knowledge of basic IT troubleshooting and systems, such as Microsoft 365.
• Strong analytical skills with the ability to work with data using tools like Excel (experience with visualization tools is a bonus).
• Knowledge of Cloud, Security, and Server technology is a bonus.

Working hours

• Monday – Friday 0900-1800

Job Description & Requirements

• Perform Corrective and Preventive Maintenance of wafer fab manufacturing equipment.
• Support the running of production in the module and ensure the readiness for production
• Maintain 6S practices in the Fab and maintenance support areas
• Participate and follow up on continuous improvement projects
• Provide clear and accurate pass down of line issues and documentation

Requirement

• Candidate must possess at least Diploma in Engineering (Electrical/Electronic), Engineering (Mechanical), Engineering (Mechatronic/Electromechanical) or equivalent.
• No work experience required.
• Preferably Entry Level specialized in Engineering - Mechanical/Automotive or equivalent.
• Work overtime during weekends and public holidays
• Working in cleanroom

Job Description & Requirements

Responsibilities:

- Provide administrative support to ensure efficient office operations.

- Assist in managing office projects, including coordinating with contractors, vendors, and suppliers.

- Assist in organizing company events and social activities.

- Coordinate and arrange accommodation, transportation, and visiting tours for company guests.

- Support HR functions, including maintaining employee records and assisting in the onboarding process.

- Handle any ad-hoc tasks assigned by the supervisor.

Requirements:

- Diploma or above in a relevant field.

- Fluent in English

- Minimum 2 years of experience in office administration.

- Proficient in MS Office Suite (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) and other relevant software.

- Ability to work independently and collaboratively in a fast-paced environment.

- Proactive and resourceful problem-solving skills.

- Flexible and adaptable to handle changing priorities and deadlines.

Boutique Restaurant in Dempsey Area seeking Assistant Cook

Key Responsibilities

• Prepare food orders according to menu and order.
• Ensure dishes are prepared according company's requirements and hygiene standards.
• Ensure cooking area is organised and clean with utensils and applicances kept in hygienic conditions
• Assist in monitoring and maintaining kitchen inventory

Requirements

• Start work only in late December 2024 or January 2025
• Minimum 4-6 years working experience in relevant field
• Experiences in Chinese cuisine or wok cooking techniques
• Willing to work in kitchen with a small team

Job Description:

• Responsible for daily office operations.
• Coordinate with other departments to facilitate the smooth execution of daily operations.
• Perform general office tasks, including filing, data entry, and office supply management.
• Respond and follow up with customers/partners promptly and efficiently.
• Develop & maintain good relationships with customers/partners.
• Other general administration duties and other ad-hoc duties assigned by reporting manager.

Job Requirements:

• Diploma in Business Administration, Business Studies or equivalent
• Min 1 year experience in office support role
• Proficiency in Microsoft Office Suite (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)
• Effective analytical and problem-solving skills
• Must be detailed, accurate and meticulous
• Effective communication skills, both oral and written
• Self-motivated, proactive and independent
• Strong organizational skills with the ability to manage multiple tasks and deadlines.

Applicants with relevant experience may be considered for senior roles

Please send your detailed resume in MS Word format to : [email protected]

Stating your notice period / earliest available commencement date, current & expected salaries

Job description:

• Assist in the design, development, and testing of engineering projects under the supervision of a Senior Engineer.
• Conduct preliminary surveys and collect data for project planning.
• Prepare engineering plans, drawings, and specifications using CAD software.
• Perform regular inspections of equipment and ensure maintenance schedules are followed.
• Collaborate with other engineers and technicians to troubleshoot and solve technical issues.
• Monitor project progress and ensure adherence to safety standards and regulations.
• Maintain detailed reports and documentation related to projects.

Requirements:

• Diploma in Engineering (preferably in Precision Engineering).
• Strong analytical and problem-solving skills.
• Practical experience with CAD software.
• Ability to work collaboratively in a team environment.
• Good communication and organizational skills.

Company Introduction:

SCREEN SPE Singapore Pte Ltd is an established company providing semiconductor products with world-class customer service. With clients in Southeast Asia and Southern Asia, we are well established within this region. Our products are manufactured in-house from Japan, ensuring high quality control, efficient delivery, in-depth knowledge and excellent service. We offer a wide range of semiconductor equipment that can meet customers’ technology roadmap with high quality after-sales support.

1. Warehouse Duties:

• Receiving and Inspecting Goods: Check the quantity and quality of received products and record necessary information.
• Inventory Management: Keep logs and records of warehouse stock, picking and packing, ensuring orders are fulfilled, and vehicle movements.
• Loading and Unloading: Load and unload goods from delivery vans or trucks.
• Keeping the warehouse organized, including the organizing and labelling of parts.
• Warehouse Maintenance: Ensure the cleanliness and good working order of the warehouse and equipment.

2. Delivery Duties:

• Transporting Goods: Deliver goods from the warehouse to various locations, including businesses and customers.
• Vehicle Maintenance: Perform regular maintenance checks on delivery vehicle and ensure they are in good operational condition.
• Route Planning: Coordinate with warehouse staff to plan deliveries and pick-ups efficiently. Handle and manage timely delivery of scheduled items/goods to customers.
• Customer Interaction: Verify delivery of items with customers and obtain proper acknowledgement.

3. Safety & Security

• Following safety and hygiene regulations, wearing protective gear, and adhering to speed and weight limits.
• Report to superior on the security aspect of the warehouse including but not limited to parts storage, fire hazards, and personnel safety.

4. Administrative duties

• Contributing ideas to improve procedures

Key Attributes:

• Reliability: Dependable and responsible in handling tasks.
• Attention to Detail: Keen eye for detail to ensure accurate deliveries and inventory management.
• To work closely and maintain good relationship with internal and external stakeholders
• Assist with any ad hoc tasks related to warehouse and delivery duties as assigned by supervisor and HOD.
• Excellent organizational and time management skills.
• Ability to work independently as well as a good team player.

Qualifications:

• ITE Certificate or Diploma
• Driving License: Valid Class 3/3A driver’s license, and a good driving record with no traffic violations.
• Experience: Proven work experience in a similar role.
• Skills: Ability to operate forklifts and pallet jacks to move heavy loads and items in hard-to-reach spaces.
• Knowledge in basic computing skills.
• Work pass holders may apply.

Able to serve food to customer, collect payment , take care customer, clean the table

working days

monday to friday

saturday half

sunday off

no need skill / experience

Roles & Responsibilities

Responsibilities :

• Assist in HR core functions like recruitment and compensation & benefits.
• Handle Work Permit application, renewal and cancellation.
• Training administration.
• Assist in Payroll
• Provide general administrative assistance to the management team.
• Maintain and organize company records and files.
• Prepare reports, presentations, and other documents as needed.
• Assist in preparing and monitoring departmental budgets.
• Track expenditures and provide regular budget status updates to management
• Any other ad-hoc duties assigned.

Requirements :

• Proficient in MS office
• Must be able to communicate with PRC workers
• Positive attitude & willing to learn
• Immediate vacancy

Qualifications:

• Diploma in finance, accounting, business administration, or related field.
• Previous experience in human resource roles, preferably in the food industry.
• Strong attention to detail and organizational skills.
• Excellent communication and interpersonal skills.
• Able to adapt to a fast-paced and evolving environment.

Job Description:

Administrative Support:

• Provide general administrative assistance to the management team.
• Maintain and organize company records and files.
• Prepare reports, presentations, and other documents as needed.

Payment Monitoring:

• Oversee and manage the payment processes, including vendor invoices and employee reimbursements.
• Verify and reconcile invoices against purchase orders and delivery receipts.
• Ensure timely processing of payments and follow up on outstanding invoices.

Budget Management:

• Assist in preparing and monitoring departmental budgets.
• Track expenditures and provide regular budget status updates to management

Supplier Relationship Management:

• Maintain relationships with suppliers and vendors, ensuring compliance with payment terms.
• Coordinate with suppliers to resolve any payment discrepancies or issues.

Compliance and Reporting:

• Ensure compliance with financial policies and procedures within the organization.
• Generate financial reports related to payments and expenditures as required by management,

Coordination and Communication:

• Collaborate with other departments (e.g., finance, procurement) to ensure smooth operations.
• Communicate effectively with internal and external stakeholders regarding payment issues.

Data Management:

• Maintain accurate and up-to-date financial records in the company's accounting system.
• Prepare and maintain spreadsheets and databases for tracking payments and expenses.

Ad-hoc Duties:

• Assist with special projects and initiatives as directed by management.
• Participate in training and development programs to enhance skills and knowledge in financial management.

Qualifications:

• Diploma in finance, accounting, business administration, or related field.
• Previous experience in administrative roles, preferably in the food industry.
• Proficiency in accounting software and Microsoft Office Suite.
• Strong attention to detail and organizational skills.
• Excellent communication and interpersonal skills.
• Able to adapt to a fast-paced and evolving environment.