Technician role exists for servicing Packaging & Specialty Plastics business.

• Provides basic technical support to Technical Service and Development Engineers (TS&D) and Technologist Leaders in the preparation and execution of packaging development activities and studies. Provides technical support for product development, application development, technical service, and/or product or process research.
• In this role, you will be using your prior related experience or job-related training to complete routine activities. You will need to have basic technical or administrative skills to follow the established and approved work processes. You will need to understand how these assigned duties relate to other jobs within your workgroup and be able to exchange basic technical information with other team members.
• It is your responsibility to use standard operating procedures and/or analytical/scientific methods to conduct films extrusion & testing. You will be accountable for managing your own assigned workload with no additional supervisory responsibilities. Your performance impacts the quality of your own work as well as your team’s work. You will receive close to moderate level of supervision and guidance in this role.

Responsibilities – Duties, projects, tasks, and activities you would be responsible for in this role:

• Works as part of a team in a laboratory supporting TS&D in developing, screening, and commercializing new products and process.
• Manages and then safely executes laboratory work requests, maintaining and running testing equipment and documenting data.
• Prepares for and independently performs standard and some non-routine procedures using relevant equipment and instruments, for which activities may include sample or materials preparations, equipment setup and/or configurations, and proper handling and disposal of waste materials that may be generated from experimental activities.
• Accurately and reliably records readings and observations using relevant equipment and instruments.
• Acts responsible for safe operation, and routine laboratory maintenance.
• Promptly and effectively communicates issues to Lab Leader to enable or accelerate problem resolution.
• Actively participate in EH&S and work group team meetings to address safety, process improvement, problem solving and other functional topics.

Requirements

• Min NITEC / Diploma in Chemistry, Polymer Science, Mechanical, Electrical, material science or other Related Sciences.
• Min 3 to 4 years of material science / Chemical lab exp / manufacturing industry

Office Hours, Mon to Fri

$3K to $4.5K

West area

Interested candidates, please forward your resume to [email protected]

Consultant: Huang Jingsheng Kevyn (R1333338)

Recruit Express Pte Ltd (99C4599)

You will be working as the maintenance technician supervisor for a 4 star hotel.

Benefits:

• 13th Month Bonus + Performance Bonus
• Night Shift Allowance
• Meal Provided
• 14 Days AL

Salary:

• Up to $3200

Working days/hours:

• 3 rotating shifts, 6 days' work week, 8 hours per shift

The Challenges:

• Perform preventive maintenance and repair work for the building and equipment
• Provide AV support to events
• Provide equipment installation, refurbishment
• Maintain equipment checklist and recording of routine checks
• Co-codinate work order with other departments
• Attend to emergency, fire alarm, flooding and electrical failure
• Inspect and/or supervise on M&E contractors’ repair work and servicing
• Compliance with safety rules and regulations and maintain clean and orderly work areas
• Any other duties may be assigned from time to time

What It Takes:

• Minimum 5 years of relevant work experience of which a minimum 5
• Diploma in Facilities and Building Management or related disciplines.
• Sound knowledge in various regulations such as Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF), Fire Safety Act, Workplace Safety and Health Act etc.
• Perform work on weekends and public holidays.

Submit your resume (Word format) to [email protected] or,

Text wa.me/86474090

Talents@Work Pte Ltd (21C0501)

Lin Shu Shu (R22109227)

• Working Days: 5.5 days
• Working Hours: Mon-Fri 9am-6pm , Sat 9am-1pm
• Location: Nicoll Highway
• Salary: $2300 - $2800

Responsibilities:

• Installing CCTV / Electrical Wiring / Cabling installation/ Door Access System/Smart Home System.
• Servicing and maintaining of company product at customer place.
• Be able to work across multiple teams to get things done
• Perform any other ad-hoc duties as designed.

Requirement:

• Relevant experience

If you are interested to apply, kindly WhatsApp me your updated resume in DOC file and allow our Consultant to match you with our Clients.

Whatsapp: +65 8525 2419

Email: [email protected]

Tan Man Ee Reg No: R22108289

The Supreme Hr Advisory Pte Ltd EA No: 14C7279

1. POSITION

Your appointment will be Production Technician. Reporting directly to Production Supervisor, your role and responsibilities are outlined as follows:

a) Carry out production activities under designated role and fulfill the membrane product orders;

b) Able to identify and trouble-shoot onsite and help resolve problems arise during production;

c) Carry out daily and in-process maintenance to ensure system stability and minimize downtime;

d) Support and assist Facilities Maintenance Manager during system breakdown or scheduled preventive maintenance works;

e) Upkeep proper and accurate production logs for production SOP and quality improvement;

f) Perform such duties and tasks as may from time to time be assigned.

Overtime work may be required and you shall be entitled to overtime pay based on MOM guidelines.

2. SKILLS & Requirements

a) At least completed and passed secondary school.

b) At least one year’s experience as a Production Operator in a manufacturing environment locally.

c) Familiarity with operating and maintaining production tools, machinery and equipment.

d) Excellent attention to detail and ability to follow instructions accurately.

e) Ability to work effectively in a team-oriented environment.

f) Ability to perform repetitive tasks accurately

g) Commitment to maintaining a clean and organized work area.

3. SALARY

Salary and allowances are based on skills and relevant working experience in similar manufacturing environment.

4. HOURS

Working hours of the Company are from Monday to Friday 8:30 am to 6:00 pm.

5. PROBATION

You are required to serve a probation period of three (3) months from the date of commencement.

6. OVERTIME

You shall be entitled to overtime pay and claims based on MOM’s guideline.

You will assist our pharmacists in housekeeping, preparing, distributing, dispensing and inventory management of pharmaceuticals. You will be required to interact with patients, caregivers and other healthcare providers to achieve desired patient outcomes. You will also help to collate and monitor pharmaceutical data and reports.

Requirements:

• Diploma in Biomedical/Pharmaceutical Science or GCE 'O' Level with credits in English and Mathematics
• Meticulous and possess good communication skills
• Experience in a healthcare setting would be an advantage but not essential as on-the-job training will be provided

Location: Singapore

Responsibilities:

As a Field Service Engineer (Technician) in the Company, you are expected to support our Aftersales department. The primary role of this position is to assist the Head of Aftersales to coordinate the management of the company’s technical department comprising of the followings:

· Responsible for all installation, troubleshoot & repair, maintenance, service calls, and delivery of equipment to customers.

· Maintain a journal of all service calls, tools listings and repairs.

· Coordinate with Office Administrator for the issue of invoice for service calls, repair work done and parts replaced.

· To support the Technical and Head of After Sales with the coordination of daily service schedules by ensuring that all job assignments are attended to in a timely and efficient manner.

· To provide fast, efficient and proactive customer service for all our clients, covering service installations, complaints, service and maintenance.

· Coordinating and responding to all requests of internal meetings.

· Assist the Store Coordinator with all stock and spare part stock checks and inventory management.

· Assist when needed, the logistics for delivery of new equipment installations, receiving of goods and local transportation arrangements.

· To assist with the upkeep of the showroom and ensure that all equipment are in good working condition on a daily basis.

· Represent the Company in a professional manner always as an ambassador of the Company.

Requirements:

· Ability to work well in a team and is highly motivated.

· Punctuality is important, please be on time for all duties and when reporting to work daily.

· Always maintain a high level of enthusiasm with all colleagues and customers.

· Understand the company missions and business vision.

· Able to multitask, be organized, tidy and detailed orientated.

· Able to communicate at all levels confidently.

· Have good product knowledge of all products and services offered by the Company.

· Have good communication skill with customers and/or their representatives.

· Preferably possess Class 3/4 driving license.

Other Requirements:

· Candidate must possess at least Diploma/Advanced/Higher/Graduate Diploma in Engineering Mechanical/Electric & Electronic or equivalent.

· Have a basic knowledge in IT will an added advantage.

· Required language(s): Good command of written and spoken English and Bahasa Malaysia

· At least 1 year of working experience in the related field is required for this position.

· Candidates with experience in repairing and maintaining fitness equipment will be advantageous. Fresh graduates are welcome to apply.

· Preferably non-executive specialized in Maintenance/Repair (Facilities & Machinery) or equivalent.

• Conduct regular fuel farm operations and maintenance tasks following SOPs and safety guidelines.
• Preparation the daily logs and supervise the troubleshooting processes carried out by contractors, and reports all equipment abnormalities to the maintenance teams.

Requirements:

• NITEC and above
• At least 2 years of experience in Aviation industry.
• Possess valid class 4/5 and forklift license
• Proficient in utilizing applications with a strong awareness of cybersecurity.

If you are keen to apply for the position, kindly email your detailed resume in MS Word to [email protected]

Please note that only shortlisted candidates will be notified.

For more job opportunities, please visit our website at www.recruit-expert.com

EA Licence: 19C9701
Registration: R21100996

Job Roles & Responsibilities:

• To implement our Integrated Pest Management program to keep our Clients’ premises free from pests.
• To inspect & carry out approved treatments to eradicate specific pest problems safely and effectively..
• To complete the appropriate Forms accurately and submit them on time.
• To upkeep and maintenance all equipment in good condition
• To drive the assigned company van safely and courteously and at all times keep the van clean, secure, tidy and road-worthy.
• Enjoy meeting and helping people solve their pest problems.

We offer:.

• Productivity Allowance
• Overtime
• 13th Month AWS.
• Medical and Insurance benefits.
• Start Your Work Day From Home.
• Cashcard and Season Parking Covered.

Your Qualifications:

• Must possess Class 3 (Manual) Driving License
• A valid NEA Vector Control Technician License
• Enjoy working at outdoor environment
• Enjoy meeting and helping people to solve their pest problems.
• Have a friendly & approachable personality.

Apply Here Or Whatsapp/Call 9007 4056

Job scope

• Execute pest control services at both f&b, residential, and commercial units.
  • Spray, fog, bait and trap to control pests
  • Control roaches, ants, rodents, birds, termites, etc.
• To perform site inspections prior to pest control services
• Identify and advise customers accurately on the type of services and treatment required.
• To always provide excellent customer service while executing job.
• To maintain and upkeep work equipment and vehicle, making sure that both are in good working condition
• Comply to workplace safety regulation while executing the duties and maintenance of the equipment and vehicle
• To provide administrative support when required
• Able to start work immediately or on short notice

Requirements

• Willing to work O.T. when required.
• Open to long work shift hours and working on weekends (Allowances provided!)
• Valid class 3 driving license
• Valid NEA Vector Control License
• O.T. will be paid for working past normal hours.

Package

• Basic $1,800 - $3,000 based on experience
• 5.5 Days Work, 9am to 6pm, Saturday 9am to 1pm
• Company Vehicle can drive home (Valid Class 3 License Preferred)
• Annual Wage Supplement (AWS) + Performance Bonus
• 14 days Annual Leave

Interested Applicants, kindly send your updated CV (via WhatsApp) to Mr. Eric Cheng at +65 9807 2200

Jobscope Includes:

1) Aircon Servicing

2) Aircon Troubleshooting, Diagnostic, and Repair

3) Class 3 license will be good

4) Have working experience in Agent (manufacturer) will be an added advantage

5) Have experience in checking Splits, Multi Split, VRF, VRV systems

6) Independent in work

7) Good team player

The jobscopes include:

1) Service of Airconditioner

2) Repair of Airconditioner

3) Good checking, trouble shootings skill in splits, and multisplit type aircon

4) Possess Class 3 License will be an added advanage

5) Have working experience in Agent (Manufacturer) will be added advantage

6) Good Team Player

Job Description

• Industry/ Organization Type: Construction
• Position Title: Mechanical Technician
• Working Location: Ang Mo Kio
• Working Hours: 5.5 Days, Mon – Fri (9 am - 6 pm), Sat (9 am – 1 pm)
• Salary Package: Basic Salary + OT + AWS
• Duration: Permanent

Key Responsibilities

• Install, maintain, and repair machines.
• Identify and diagnose issues with machinery to perform timely repairs.
• Perform routine maintenance and inspections to ensure optimal performance.
• Assist with the development of existing or new machines.
• Other ad hoc tasks as assigned.

APPLY NOW!!!

• Proven experience in the electrical and machinery fields.
• With understanding of electrical systems and their components is preferred.

Please apply through ANY of the following methods:

• Submit your application by clicking the APPLY button;
• Email your resume to Job(at)anradus.com.sg. Please indicate #68614 on the email subject.

Anradus Application Policy: We value each application and ensure every resume is reviewed. Our process is efficient, typically concluding within 3 working days. If you do not receive communication from us within this timeframe, it's likely that your application has not been shortlisted by our client. In such cases, we recommend continuing your job search to maximize your opportunities.

Anradus Pte Ltd | EA License No. 20C0161 | Adelin Chong | EA Reg No.: R1875641

01) Installing and setting up computer systems or software

02) Keeping an eye on the performance of computer networks and servers

03) Helping staff complete required actions to solve their IT issue

04) Identifying problems with systems or networks

05) Introducing new applications and devices to Management

06) Working closely with software developers and procurement managers

07) Checking that all equipment is safe and up to date

08) Technical support and troubleshooting for various hardware and software issues

09) Network maintenance and upgrades

10) Weekly reporting on IT operations

Interested please email to [email protected]

Job Description:

• Able to hands on to the servicing, change minor parts and troubleshooting of equipment
• Able to do minor repair of building works (example repair door handle or handy man services)
• Perform any other duties assigned
• Manage minor A&A works M&E/facility-related repair and replacement works

Job Requirement:

• Minimum NTC with 3 years relevant experiences
• 5.5 days work week

Our client is a 3rd party full-service supplier of logistics and engineering solutions. Currently, our client is seeking for Technician (Rolling Equipment) to be part of the team.

JOB DIMENSION (SCOPE)

• Carry out preventive maintenance and corrective repair works on packaging and conveying equipment
• Troubleshoot and rectify electrical, mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic system faults on equipment
• Identify mechanical, electrical, and technical issues through inspections and tests
• Analyze problems, diagnose malfunctions, and find solutions
• Use various tools and equipment for diagnosis and repair
• Maintain accurate records of repairs and parts used
• Communicate findings and repair option
• Test vehicles post-repair to ensure proper functionality
• Order and replace parts, collaborating with suppliers
• Attend to breakdown repair and recovery of operational equipment
• Reduce equipment downtime and enhance equipment performance through quality maintenance works
• Proper recording of works carried out on equipment. Equipment includes vehicles, chassis, forklift, industrial facilities, etc (list is non exhaustive)
• Any others adhoc job assigned by supervisor
• Maintain high standard of housekeeping at workplace
• Ensure strict adherence to all workplace Health & Safety policies, legal and company regulations, with proper documentation and storage.
• Practice safe work procedures and safety rules implemented at the workplace.
• Not to engage in any unsafe or negligent act that may endanger self or others.

REQUIREMENT

• Possess Diploma, NITEC, NTC-2 or ITC Mechatronic / Electrical / Mechanical / Automotive or relevant qualification
• General knowledge on AC drives and electrical motors, pneumatic cylinders and roller/chain conveyors
• Basic knowledge of PLC and electrical system
• Min. 3 years' relevant experience in automation systems
• Great teammate with initiative and a positive attitude towards learning
• Self-motivated individual with strong sense of responsibility

Perform various activities and tasks requiredin the tablet and capsule final packing equipment.

· Operate all relevant equipment, clean, assemble and maintain the cleanliness of the equipment.

· Perform and maintain the documentation of operations in accordance with cGMP requirement.

· Operate the equipment appropriately in accordance with Standard Operating Procedure / batch document.

· Perform online monitoring of in process parameters / checks throughout the batch.

· Complete all relevant records and other documentation required for packing and related equipment in the work area.

· Perform all activities in accordance with cGMP.

· Maintain the cleanliness of work area to ensure cGMP compliance.

· Perform all other relevant duties required to meet the schedule.

· Check relevant material and product details against batch document

· Co-ordination with Engineering for break down rectification of both primary and secondary packing lines

· Involve in equipment / process qualification.

· Participate in investigation of process deviation, cGMP and all other compliance related matters, where applicable.

· Ensure compliance to GxP / Safety / Quality policies.

REQUIREMENT

· Good understanding of safe working practices and cGMP.

· Experience in bottle or blister oral solid dosage packing is preferred.

· A good team player with positive learning attitude.

· Willing to work in Tuas area, in cleanroom environment with full gowning.

EDUCATION & EXPERIENCE

· Minimum GCE 'O' level or NITEC or Higher NITEC or Diploma in Biotechnology / Biomedical / Mechanical / Mechatronics Engineering or relevant disciplines

· With 2-5 years of manufacturing experience in Pharmaceutical or related industries.

· Entry level NITEC / Higher NITEC / Diploma candidates are welcome to apply.

Responsibilities

Assist in building / estate / facilities preventive and ad-hoc maintenance works

Conduct periodic routine inspections and tasks for the proper operations of the building / estate
Keep proper records of Mechanical & Electrical (M&E) readings and to monitor the performance of M&E systems and equipment
Assist in the supervision of maintenance and servicing works carried out by contractors
Manage service contractors and sub-contractors on site work and to report irregularities to site manager
Hands-on and able to carry out handyman and breakdown maintenance works (e.g. electrical, sanitary, servicing to electrical and plumbing defects, painting work, building / estate repair works & etc.)
Perform simple troubleshoot issues arising from Smart Homes
Attend to breakdown of building / estate services and tenants’ service calls
Assist in handing and taking over of units and spaces with tenants or event organizers for Commercial Building / Retail Mall

Requirements

Minimum NITEC in Building Services / Mechanical / Electrical Engineering or equivalent
Minimum one year relevant working experience in building maintenance
Basic knowledge of Microsoft Office (e.g. Microsoft Words and Microsoft Excel)
Good knowledge in building, mechanical & electrical systems
Able to interact with people and a good team player
Strong verbal and written communication skills, pro-active and self-driven

• Assisting in setting up the test equipment for production and engineering team.
• Handle all Test & Backend Equipment sustaining i.e. Bench, ATE, Handlers, Thermostream, ICOS, Laser Mark, etc.

Requirements:

• Nitec in Electronics / Electrical Engineering, Mechanical, Biomedical, Mechatronics
• Able to work rotating 12-hr shift

If you are keen to apply for the position, kindly email your detailed resume in MS Word to [email protected]

Please note that only shortlisted candidates will be notified.

For more job opportunities, please visit our website at www.recruit-expert.com

EA Licence: 19C9701

Registration: R21100996

Our client, a leading automotive company seeking for TECHNICIANS for their Electric Vehcile division.

Requirements:

• Nitec in Automotive or electronics
• At least 3 years of experience as an Automotive Technician.
• Good troubleshooting and technical knowledge.
• Hands on experience in handling various diagnostic tools
• Highly responsible, diligent and an excellent Team player.
• Must be able to read chinese in order to read vehicle manuals.

Others:

• 5 day alternate half Saturday work week
• Located central west
• Salary upto $2,800

Interested applicants are to email updated resume to [email protected]

Our client is from Oil and Gas industry, a local leading player. They are looking for a Maintenance Technician for the next phase of their business. They are located in West.

Duties:

• Perform preventive, predictive, and corrective maintenance tasks as directed, and update the CMMS database.
• Maintain rotating and static equipment, plant piping, and structural support systems.
• Respond to and resolve equipment malfunctions, ensuring minimal downtime.
• Determine necessary materials, tools, and methods for safe maintenance tasks.
• Conduct machinery condition monitoring and field data collection with the production team.
• Ensure operational efficiency of all plant valves and mechanical components, including control and plant valve maintenance.
• Supervise in-house contractors and vendors, ensuring safety protocols are followed.
• Collaborate with the production team on mechanical system testing and troubleshooting.
• Take on additional tasks or responsibilities as assigned.
• Perform valve line-up and LOTO for maintenance preparations.
• Participate in the Company's Emergency Response Team (CERT) with assigned roles.

Requirements

• Nitec in Engineering related field.
• Min 5 years’ experience in Oil & Gas or Petrochemical industry
• Experience in troubleshooting of mechanical/ machinery systems

Interested candidates who wish to apply for the advertised position, please click APPLY NOW or email an updated copy of your resume/cv.

We regret that only shortlisted candidate will be notified.

Email Address: [email protected]

Recruitpedia Pte. Ltd.

EA License No: 19C9682

EA Personnel No: R2198636 (Oh Puey Xin)

Primary Duties

• Perform preventive and corrective maintenance works according to quality standards and procedures.
• Conduct technical investigations in response to fault calls.
• Provide summary reports on preventive and corrective maintenance works.
• Comply with regulatory and organisational Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) policies and practices.
• Report accidents, near misses and incidents in accordance with WSH reporting practices.
• Ensure compliance with Quality and Environmental Management System (QEMS) standards and practices, Environmental Sustainability regulations and organisational requirements.
• Engage in continuous improvement initiatives to improve time, cost and quality management.
• Support the use of the latest smart facilities management trends or technologies.

Knowledge, Skills and Abilities

• Min 2-3 years of related experience
• General competency in the use of computers; and
• Capable in English writing and reporting

Education/Experience

• Higher Nitec or Nitec in Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Facilities Management or equivalent;

Technician (Assembly/AutoCAD/Technical Drawing)

Responsibilities:

• Perform and ensure that assembly builds and test are completed as scheduled and according to required specifications, drawings and work instruction.
• Report and assist Engineers in problem-solving and troubleshooting.
• Perform housekeeping and comply with manufacturing discipline and cleanroom protocol.
• Other ad-hoc duties

Requirements:

• Min NITEC/ Diploma in Mechanical, Mechatronics Engineering or its equivalent
• Able to comprehend schematic/Technical drawing
• Experience in Orbital Welding and/or gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), is an advantage.
• Able to commit rotating shifts

Interested applicants please submit your resume to [email protected]

• Ensure all products meet quality standards and comply with industry regulations and food safety requirements
• Perform inspections and testing of raw materials, in-process samples, and finished products to ensure quality
• Maintain records of inspections and quality control processes and prepare quality reports for management
• Ensure adherence to quality standards and food safety regulations (e.g., HACCP, ISO) and assist in audits
• Identify areas for improvement in production processes and quality practices and implement corrective actions
• Train and guide production staff on quality standards and procedures
• Investigate and resolve quality issues and customer complaints and work with production and R&D teams to address issues
• Manage the handling and storage of samples for testing and reference
• Stay updated with regulations and ensure products and processes comply with legal and safety requirements

Requirements

• NITEC or Diploma in Food Technology, Food Science, Chemistry, or a related field
• Minimum of 2 years in quality control within the food manufacturing industry
• Strong attention to detail, analytical skills, and proficiency in quality control methodologies
• Good verbal and written communication skills for interacting with departments and preparing reports
• Ability to identify and resolve quality issues effectively

Interested candidates please apply online or send your latest CV to [email protected]

AlwaysHired Pte Ltd

Reg No: R1549345

EA: 24C2293

• German MNC - Biomedical industry
• Entry level, training provided
• Gross salary up to $2,440 (Basic + Shift allowance $180/$330 + Transport allowance $110)
• Yearly bonus / Salary increment

Location: Geylang Bahru

Working hours:
Shift 1: 655am to 305pm (Mon to Fri)
Shift 2: 255pm to 1105pm (Mon to Fri)
Shift 3: 1055pm to 705am (Sun to Thurs)

Job scope:

• Perform assembly of medical device using microscope in a cleanroom environment
• Quality checking and inspection of medical device.
• Any other adhoc duties

Job requirement:
Singaporean only

Interested candidate may apply via email to spkp(at)scientecpersonnel.com (Indicating Job ID J47303 for faster processing). All job applications will be processed with strict confidence and only shortlisted candidate will be contacted.

Poh Tze Qi (Kayley) | R2197837

ScienTec Consulting Pte Ltd | 11C5781

Our client is a Global MNC, one of the leading players in the Industrial Equipment sector. Due to business needs, they are now recruiting a Maintenance Technician to be part of their team for ongoing transformation projects. They are located in the West – easily accessible.

Responsibilities:

• Assess the various mechanical and hydraulic systems, troubleshooting issues, and devising effective solutions.
• Interpret technical drawings, detecting the relevant faults/issues, and executing the essential repairs
• Be knowledgeable about engine components, handling the operation/maintenance of the designated tools and equipment
• Undertake maintenance tasks on large machinery, including lifting heavy parts/components
• All other adhoc duties as assigned

Requirements:

• Minimum Nitec in the relevant fields of Engineering
• Minimum 1 year of relevant working experience (Maintenance of heavy industrial equipment/vehicles)
• Class 3 driving license is bonus

Interested candidates who wish to apply for the advertised position, please click APPLY NOW or email an updated copy of your resume/cv.

We regret that only shortlisted candidate will be notified.

RecruitPedia Pte Ltd

EA License No: 19C9682

EA Personnel No: R23115674 (Chong Jia Jia)