We are looking for a highly skilled Software Engineer (System) to join our back-office development team, contributing to the design and delivery of high-performance software solutions for the Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) system. You will work on developing cutting-edge, high-volume back-office solutions, working closely with stakeholders to ensure the software meets user and operational needs.

Key Responsibilities:

• Requirements Gathering: Collaborate with users and stakeholders to collect, analyze, and understand software requirements.
• Software Development: Design, develop, and maintain software for back-office operations of the AFC system.
• Documentation: Prepare and submit comprehensive documentation throughout the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC), including business rules, software specifications, architecture and design documents, testing specifications, and operational manuals.
• Application Support: Provide day-to-day application support and troubleshoot issues in collaboration with the relevant authorities.
• Collaboration: Work closely with users to resolve design, development, and testing issues, ensuring smooth operation and delivery.

Summary

We live in a mobile and device driven world where knowledge of the physical world around us is needed. We rely on this knowledge to get around, to learn about our environment and to enable spectacular new features for custom applications. Apple is meeting those needs as robustly and as creatively as possible and is interested in people who want to help meet that commitment. The success we are striving will be the result of very skilled people working in an environment which cultivates creativity, partnership, and thinking of old problems in new ways. If that sounds like the kind of environment that you find intriguing, then let's talk. These elements come together to make Apple an amazing environment for motivated people to do the greatest work of their lives. You will become part of a team that sets the standard in cultivating excellence, creativity and innovation. Excellent opportunity to join our Process Development team. The successful candidate will have opportunity to conduct feasibility studies, develop new process and material development for new module technologies under research and development. Will you help us design the next generation of revolutionary Apple products?

Description

• Work on process equipment to conduct proof of concept evaluation and DOEs
• Establishment of baseline process and metrics
• Perform process characterisation
• Establish design guidelines for manufacturability
• Define procedures and metrologies
• Generate engineering report base on studies and evaluation
• Reporting of engineering studies to cross-functional team

Minimum Qualifications

• Degree of Science in Engineering or equivalent
• Minimum 15 years of experience in doing process R&D
• Hands-on experience in various module assembly processes such as flip chip, flex attach, pick and place, dispensing, bonding, filling, laser soldering, component cleaning, curing, plating, singulation, wafer bonding.

Preferred Qualifications

• Good knowledge in design of experiment (DOE), engineering statistic, root cause analysis and problem solving
• Familiarity on different metrology tools and quantitative measurement methodology
• Clear and effective written and communication skill
• Resourceful and innovative
• Knowledge and work experience in one or more of the following processes & handling such processes equipment - 1) Flip Chip bonding (Thermosonic, Thermocompression and etc) OR 2) EVO die bonder, EVG and Suss process equipment OR 3) Flex Attach (Flexible Printed Circuit Board Bonding), Solder Jetting/Laser Wire Soldering OR 4) SMT (e.g. solder printing, component pick&place, AOI, SPI and reflow)
• Knowledge on adhesive or epoxy or other bonding material is an advantage
• Experience in optical components, active alignment and high accuracy bonding process is preferred

Summary

We live in a mobile and device driven world where knowledge of the physical world around us is needed. We rely on this knowledge to get around, to learn about our environment and to enable spectacular new features for custom applications. Apple is meeting those needs as robustly and as creatively as possible and is interested in people who want to help meet that commitment. The success we are striving will be the result of very skilled people working in an environment which cultivates creativity, partnership, and thinking of old problems in new ways. If that sounds like the kind of environment that you find intriguing, then let's talk. These elements come together to make Apple an amazing environment for motivated people to do the greatest work of their lives. You will become part of a team that sets the standard in cultivating excellence, creativity and innovation. Excellent opportunity to join our Process Development team. The successful candidate will have opportunity to conduct feasibility studies, develop new process and material development for new module technologies under research and development. Will you help us design the next generation of revolutionary Apple products?

Description

• Work on process equipment to conduct proof of concept evaluation and DOEs
• Establishment of baseline process and metrics
• Perform process characterisation
• Establish design guidelines for manufacturability
• Define procedures and metrologies
• Generate engineering report base on studies and evaluation
• Reporting of engineering studies to cross-functional team

Minimum Qualifications

• Degree of Science in Engineering or equivalent
• Minimum 5 years of experience in doing process R&D
• Hands-on experience in various module assembly processes such as flip chip, flex attach, pick and place, dispensing, bonding, filling, laser soldering, component cleaning, curing, plating, singulation, wafer bonding.

Preferred Qualifications

• Good knowledge in design of experiment (DOE), engineering statistic, root cause analysis and problem solving
• Familiarity on different metrology tools and quantitative measurement methodology
• Clear and effective written and communication skill
• Resourceful and innovative
• Knowledge and work experience in one or more of the following processes & handling such processes equipment - 1) Flip Chip bonding (Thermosonic, Thermocompression and etc) OR 2) EVO die bonder, EVG and Suss process equipment OR 3) Flex Attach (Flexible Printed Circuit Board Bonding), Solder Jetting/Laser Wire Soldering OR 4) SMT (e.g. solder printing, component pick&place, AOI, SPI and reflow)
• Knowledge on adhesive or epoxy or other bonding material is an advantage
• Experience in optical components, active alignment and high accuracy bonding process is preferred

Salary: Up $3000+OT

Industry: Engineering

Located at Chai Chee

Japanese MNC

Have AWS + Bonus + Yearly increment

Job Description

• Perform, document internal audits and other quality assurance activities to ensure readiness on international standards certification audits and GMP inspection.
• Create, review work instructions and standard operating procedures, devise sampling procedures and directions for recording and reporting quality data.
• Communicating with other team members to solve problems.
• Conduct / perform training to employees to improve GMP / international standards certification awareness and compliance.
• Other duties as and when assigned by management.

Requirements

• Diploma in Engineering
• Able to write simple report

Applications:

Please submit a copy of your updated CV in MS Word format stating to [email protected]:

• Current Salary
• Expected Salary
• Date of Available and Reason for Leaving

All applicant will treated private and confidential

Emily Fong

Senior Talent Specialist

Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443

EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

Fresh without experience-$2600 basic, after 3 months confirmation is $2700

Industry: Engineering

Located at Chai Chee

Japanese MNC

Have AWS + Bonus + Yearly increment

Job Description

• Assist Supervisor in day-to-day operation lines.
• Planning & Co-coordinating the workflow on production lines to achieve production targets.
• Troubleshooting production problems and assisting in planning new project work.

Requirements

• Diploma in Engineering
• Able to write simple report

Applications:

Please submit a copy of your updated CV in MS Word format stating to [email protected]:

• Current Salary
• Expected Salary
• Date of Available and Reason for Leaving

All applicant will treated private and confidential

Emily Fong

Senior Talent Specialist

Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443

EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

Japanese MNC
Salary $3000-$4500
East
Industry: Electronic Component Manufacturer
Monday to Friday 9am to 6pm

Training provided

Responsibilities:

• Administer and upkeep IT infrastructure, documentation, user accounts and SOP
• Provide IT operations and its functions to our local and regional offices for IT infrastructure, network, security, IP telephony as well as maintenance and update of users’ computer systems
• Provide technical support to staff/end users on PC hardware, software, applications and other IT related requests
• Assist in conducting user training on systems, software applications and IT security
• Assist to deploy and manage software applications, solutions and their enhancements to existing and new users
• Assist in tracking of IT Assets/Equipment, purchase of IT related equipment and control IT related inventories
• Ensure security of data, network access and systems backup
• Provide support, including after office-hours support, in the event of service outages, system maintenance or implementation

Requirements

• Bachelor degree in computer science, or Diploma holder with 2 years working experience with a technical major.
• 2 years system administration experience.

Please submit your updated resume in MS format by using the APPLY NOW BUTTON.
Alternatively, you may also email your resume to us at [email protected]

Emily Fong
Senior Talent Specialist
Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443
EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

Location: East

Have AWS & Bonus

Mon to Fri 8.30am to 5.30pm

Good career advancement

Job Description

• Identifying vulnerabilities in our network, server, workstation and so on.
• Implement a comprehensive plan to secure our IT environment.
• Monitoring network usage to ensure compliance with security policies.
• Keeping up to date with developments in IT security standards and threats.
• Collaborating with HQ and our subsidiaries IT team to improve security.
• Documenting any security breaches and assessing their damage.
• Educating colleagues about security software and best practices for information security.

Requirements

• Diploma, Bachelor Degree, Professional Degree in Computer Science/Information
• Technology or other relevant disciplines
• 1-3years relevant experience.
• Basic knowledge of IT skills and good problem solving skills to handle simple troubleshooting

*Only shortlisted candidates will be notified*

Please submit your updated resume in MS format by using the APPLY NOW BUTTON.

Alternatively, you may also email your resume to us at [email protected]

Emily Fong

Senior Talent Specialist
Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443
EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

Summary

We live in a mobile and device driven world where knowledge of the physical world around us is needed. We rely on this knowledge to get around, to learn about our environment and to enable spectacular new features for custom applications. Apple is meeting those needs as robustly and as creatively as possible and is interested in people who want to help meet that commitment. The success we are striving will be the result of very skilled people working in an environment which cultivates creativity, partnership, and thinking of old problems in new ways. If that sounds like the kind of environment that you find intriguing, then let's talk. These elements come together to make Apple an amazing environment for motivated people to do the greatest work of their lives. You will become part of a team that sets the standard in cultivating excellence, creativity and innovation. You will have the opportunity to be responsible for developing test plan & metrics for characterisation of photonics product as well as test system and methodology for characterising photonics product. Will you help us design the next generation of revolutionary Apple products?

Description

• Work closely with external vendor and internal team to deliver active alignment (or test) process for new optical module in engineering phase (small quantity)
• Establish process and metrics
• Conduct process and machine bring up
• Fine tune and sustain operation in engineering phase
• Conduct post-build follow-up such as FACA (failure analysis and corrective action) on yield loss, process improvement and etc.

Minimum Qualifications

• Degree/ Master in Engineering, Physics, Materials or equivalent
• Minimum 3 to 5 years R&D experience in manufacturing environment

Preferred Qualifications

• Expertise in either 1) optics attach (active alignment) process or 2) optical functionality test of optical devices (for example camera, projector, range finder, flash light, proximity sensor and etc)
• Experience with developing new process and equipment for new optical devices
• Experience in tooling-up existing machine for new optical devices
• Clear and effective written and communication skill

Summary

We live in a mobile and device driven world where knowledge of the physical world around us is needed. We rely on this knowledge to get around, to learn about our environment and to enable spectacular new features for custom applications. Apple is meeting those needs as robustly and as creatively as possible and is interested in people who want to help meet that commitment. The success we are striving will be the result of very skilled people working in an environment which cultivates creativity, partnership, and thinking of old problems in new ways. If that sounds like the kind of environment that you find intriguing, then let's talk. These elements come together to make Apple an amazing environment for motivated people to do the greatest work of their lives. You will become part of a team that sets the standard in cultivating excellence, creativity and innovation. You will have the opportunity to be responsible for developing test plan & metrics for characterisation of photonics product as well as test system and methodology for characterising photonics product. Will you help us design the next generation of revolutionary Apple products?

Description

• Work closely with external vendor and internal team to deliver active alignment (or test) process for new optical module in engineering phase (small quantity)
• Establish process and metrics
• Conduct process and machine bring up
• Fine tune and sustain operation in engineering phase
• Conduct post-build follow-up such as FACA (failure analysis and corrective action) on yield loss, process improvement and etc.

Minimum Qualifications

• Degree/ Master in Engineering, Physics, Materials or equivalent
• Minimum 15 years R&D experience in manufacturing environment

Preferred Qualifications

• Expertise in either 1) optics attach (active alignment) process or 2) optical functionality test of optical devices (for example camera, projector, range finder, flash light, proximity sensor and etc)
• Experience with developing new process and equipment for new optical devices
• Experience in tooling-up existing machine for new optical devices
• Clear and effective written and communication skill

Located at Chai Chee

Precision industry (Clean room)

Japanese MNC

Have AWS + Bonus + Yearly increment

Job Description

• Assist Supervisor in day-to-day operation lines.
• Planning & Co-coordinating the workflow on production lines to achieve production targets.
• Trouble shooting production problems and assist in planning new project work.
• Groom to become Leader

Requirements

• Diploma in Precision Engineering
• No experience required

Applications:

Please submit a copy of your updated CV in MS Word format stating to [email protected]

• Current Salary
• Expected Salary
• Date of Available and Reason for Leaving

All applicant will treated private and confidential

Emily Fong

Senior Talent Specialist

Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443

EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

Basic start $2600, after 3 months confirmation is $2700. Have OT pay.

Industry: Engineering

Located at Chai Chee

Japanese MNC

Have AWS + Bonus + Yearly increment

Job Description

• Perform, document internal audits and other quality assurance activities to ensure readiness on international standards certification audits and GMP inspection.
• Create, review work instructions and standard operating procedures, devise sampling procedures and directions for recording and reporting quality data.
• Communicating with other team members to solve problems.
• Conduct / perform training to employees to improve GMP / international standards certification awareness and compliance.
• Other duties as and when assigned by management.

Requirements

• Diploma in Engineering
• No experience / fresh entry welcome to apply

Applications:

Please submit a copy of your updated CV in MS Word format stating to [email protected]:

• Current Salary
• Expected Salary
• Date of Available and Reason for Leaving

All applicant will treated private and confidential

Emily Fong

Senior Talent Specialist

Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443

EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

Japanese MNC
Salary $3000-$4500
East
Industry: Electronic Component Manufacturer
Monday to Friday 9am to 6pm

Training provided

Responsibilities:

• Administer and upkeep IT infrastructure, documentation, user accounts and SOP
• Provide IT operations and its functions to our local and regional offices for IT infrastructure, network, security, IP telephony as well as maintenance and update of users’ computer systems
• Provide technical support to staff/end users on PC hardware, software, applications and other IT related requests
• Assist in conducting user training on systems, software applications and IT security
• Assist to deploy and manage software applications, solutions and their enhancements to existing and new users
• Assist in tracking of IT Assets/Equipment, purchase of IT related equipment and control IT related inventories
• Ensure security of data, network access and systems backup
• Provide support, including after office-hours support, in the event of service outages, system maintenance or implementation

Requirements

• Bachelor degree in computer science, or Diploma holder with 2 years working experience with a technical major.
• 2 years system administration experience.

Please submit your updated resume in MS format by using the APPLY NOW BUTTON.
Alternatively, you may also email your resume to us at [email protected]

Emily Fong
Senior Talent Specialist
Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443
EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

.To participate M&E building maintenance tender quotation & interview

.Leading a team of Service Sales Engineers to achieve department orders and sales target

· Serve and maintain key customer accounts, always respond to them promptly

· Developing & building long-term customer relationships

· Actively identify potential opportunities & develop solutions with existing & new customers

· Gather market intelligence and identify potential customers, ensure potentials are converted to orders for the Company

· Develop the training plan for sales team to improve their capability to serve the customers

· Engage the sales team to be motivated and building up their capability

· Working with other departments to package the solutions for customers

· Any other responsibilities as deemed appropriate and relevant

A project engineer is responsible for the engineering and technical disciplines needed to complete a project. The project engineer works to plan projects, establish project criteria, coordinate project reviews, and ensure the proper implementation of project elements.

Roles and Responsibilities:

• Good knowledge and experience in engineering design for ACMV, HVAC & Control Systems
• Well-versed in the installation of HVAC equipment's chillers, AHU, MV systems, packaged units, VRV systems, and split units
• Attend to site tests and inspections to ensure the quality of standards and all health & safety requirements are adhered to
• Assist in the preparation of progress payments claims and variation orders where required
• Works closely with the Project Managers and site personnel in the execution of task schedule
• Supervise contractors, sub-contractors, suppliers, and staff at the site.

Job Summary:

Kiteworks’ mission is to empower organizations to effectively manage risk in every send, share, receive, and save of sensitive content. To this end, we created a platform that delivers content governance, compliance, and protection to customers. The platform unifies, tracks, controls, and secures sensitive content moving within, into, and out of their organization, significantly improving risk management and ensuring regulatory compliance on all sensitive content communication.

We are looking for a highly driven and talented Software Engineer to join R&D team of world-class professionals.

Key Responsibilities:

• Design, develop, and deploy enterprise-level applications using Python and frameworks such as Flask or Django.
• Work with relational databases, primarily MariaDB, to manage and query large datasets efficiently.
• Collaborate with Product Managers (PMs) and design teams to define feature specifications.
• Solve complex performance problems and tackle architectural challenges with innovative solutions.
• Plan and execute tasks independently or within a team, reporting progress and meeting deadlines.
• Proactively identify and drive changes for the assigned codebase, product area, and/or system.

Minimum Qualifications:

• 2+ years of programming experience in a relevant programming language.
• 2+ years of relevant experience building large-scale infrastructure applications or similar experience.
• Strong understanding of the codebases, including API techniques.
• Experience building and supporting production-quality software.
• Ability to own projects end-to-end, from conceptualization to deployment.

Preferred Qualifications:

• Bachelor’s degree or higher in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, or related technical fields.
• Experience using Python frameworks like Flask or Django.
• Experience working with relational databases such as MySQL or MariaDB.
• Experience building secure software with auditable access controls and permissions.
• Strong communication skills, with the ability to collaborate effectively with clients and team members.
• Demonstrated creative and critical thinking skills.

Job Responsibilities:

• Manage and ensure updated documents and drawings are issued to the client and subcontractor
• Monitor the progress and keep track of the project timelines.
• Conduct weekly or monthly meeting with sub-contractors to update progress of work
• Ensure quality of work is achieved and all government and safety regulation are complied.
• Oversee drawing management and control of technical documentation
• Oversee and manage procurement of resources, control material usage on site.
• Organize labor, equipment and material for day to day site activities
• Any other duties assigned

Located at Chai Chee

Precision industry (Clean room)

Japanese MNC

Have AWS + Bonus + Yearly increment

Job Description

• Assist Supervisor in day-to-day operation lines.
• Planning & Co-coordinating the workflow on production lines to achieve production targets.
• Trouble shooting production problems and assist in planning new project work.
• Groom to become Leader

Requirements

• Diploma in Precision Engineering
• No experience required

Applications:

Please submit a copy of your updated CV in MS Word format stating to [email protected]:

• Current Salary
• Expected Salary
• Date of Available and Reason for Leaving

All applicant will treated private and confidential

Emily Fong

Senior Talent Specialist

Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443

EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

Located at Chai Chee

Precision industry (Clean room)

Japanese MNC

Have AWS + Bonus + Yearly increment

Job Description

• Assist Supervisor in day-to-day operation lines.
• Planning & Co-coordinating the workflow on production lines to achieve production targets.
• Trouble shooting production problems and assist in planning new project work.
• Groom to become Leader

Requirements

• Diploma in Precision Engineering
• No experience required

Applications:

Please submit a copy of your updated CV in MS Word format stating to [email protected]:

• Current Salary
• Expected Salary
• Date of Available and Reason for Leaving

All applicant will treated private and confidential

Emily Fong

Senior Talent Specialist

Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443

EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

MAIN DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES:

· Develop and implement new optic / illumination components/system

· Resolve optical / illumination issues.

· Identify necessary and desirable improvements of vision optical system

performance.

EDUCATION AND EXPERIENCE

· Bachelor Degree in Optics Engineering / Physics/Photonics etc

· Experience with optical design software, optical alignment and optical testing

preferred.

· Experience in 2D drawing preferred

· Knowledge and experience in high magnification optics and LED illumination with

added advantage.

· Familiar with lenses, specification, design trade offs, basic optics modeling

techniques, light measurement equipment and techniques are desired

· Candidates must be able to be independent with minimal supervision

· Candidates have experience in optics field with different background can be

considered

Key Responsibilities:

• Providing application maintenance support on the developed application
• Lead member to implement for application migration to Azure environment
• Develop code for new modules and enhancements
• Engage users to implement enhancements/refinements based on changes in client requirements and timeline agreed upon with users
• Provide and document technical specifications
• Work closely with the BA / Project manager in understanding the functional and system requirements.

Requirements

• Minimum 2-5 Year's Experience as a Software Developer on .NET platform
• Must have experience in web based application development using .NET core, C#, Java, Javascript, HTML, CSS, Visual Studio.
• Demonstrate strong understanding of fundamentals of requirements specification, design, coding, and testing of information systems
• Possesses good skillset in logical deduction in issue isolation and root cause analysis
• Good working knowledge of Azure will be a strong advantage
• Possesses good interpersonal and communication skills.

Job Description

· Carry out structural design and produce professional engineering calculation complying to Eurocodes and prevailing building control regulations

· Attending all project/ technical meetings with authorities, developer, and contractors

· Prepare technical engineering reports as and when required by authorities or clients

· Responsible for all inspection activities being carried out

· Familiar with engineering software and latest code of practice

· Lead and co-manage a team of operational staff to meet the objectives and targets set by the project

Job Requirements

· Candidate must possess at least a Degree in Engineering (Civil) recognized by Professional Engineers Board (PEB) Singapore

· Minimum 5 years and above of working experience in local Civil and Structural consultancy firm

· Able to perform structural analysis using design software such as Tekla, SAP2000, SAFE, ETABS, Prokon, etc.

· Ability to co-manage, lead and inspire project teams

· Willing to and with enthusiasm to learn in the field of civil and structural engineering design

· Able to work independently

· Possess good communication skill

Interested candidate please email resume to: [email protected]

Thank you for your application but we regret that only shortlisted candidates will be notified.

1. Coordinated with contractors involved in company’s projects 2. Followed up on site’s contractors weekly progress 3. Redesigned and troubleshoot site’s non-complying installations 4. Assisted Quotation Engineer in picking up and filling information on item quantities and information 5. Responsible for understanding the electrical needs of a project. 6. Ensure that all the electrical equipments and components are maintained within the budget of the project.

No experience/Diploma in precision/mechanical/mechatronic/electrical/electronic/Industrial or related engineering

Basic (no experiene / fresh)-start from $2600, after 3 months confirmation $2700

Diploma in Engineering

Have AWS & Bonus

Japanese MNC

Job Description

• Assist Supervisor in day-to-day operation lines.
• Planning & Co-coordinating the workflow on production lines to achieve production targets.
• Trouble shooting production problems and assist in planning new project work.
• Groom to be leader

Requirements

• Diploma in Engineering
• No experience / Entry level welcome to apply
  

Please submit your updated resume in MS format by using the APPLY NOW BUTTON.
Alternatively, you may also email your resume to us at [email protected]

Emily Fong
Senior Talent Specialist
Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443
EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

No experience/Diploma in mechanical/mechatronic/electrical/electronic or related engineering

MOE Grant can apply

SPM can apply

Basic (no experiene / fresh)-start from $2400-$3300

Diploma in Engineering

Have AWS & Bonus

Japanese MNC

Job Description

• Assist Supervisor in day-to-day operation lines.
• Planning & Co-coordinating the workflow on production lines to achieve production targets.
• Trouble shooting production problems and assist in planning new project work.
• Groom to be leader

Requirements

• Diploma in Engineering
• No experience / Entry level welcome to apply
  

Please submit your updated resume in MS format by using the APPLY NOW BUTTON.
Alternatively, you may also email your resume to us at [email protected]

Emily Fong
Senior Talent Specialist
Atomrecruit Pte. Ltd. | MOM EA License No.: 15C7443
EA Personnel Reg No.: R1768368

• In-charge of correspondence and coordination for IT system user support, regularly check user uploaded data, liaise positively with users and system owner for the system operation and maintenance;
• Conduct regular training session for system user;
• Conduct weekly and monthly review of uploading progress and attend regular meeting with Client, facilitating discussion between system specialist, developer and Client.
• Possess good communication skill, able to work independently as well as co-operate with project team to ensure the project is running smoothly;
• Familiar with data base management and sensor data analysis is an advantage;