Total 172 construction supervisor job vacancies in Accounting / Auditing category in Singapore

Job Summary:

• Senior Account Executive/ Manager (Metal Recycling Industry)
• Permanent role
• Basic up to $ 8,000 + VB + Attractive benefits
• Monday to Friday, 8.30am to 5.30pm
• Location: Benoi Sector

Responsibilities:

• Manage the full spectrum of accounting functions, including Accounts Receivables and Payables, Inventories, Fixed Assets, and General Ledger.
• Provide assistance with SAP and IT accounting system issues.
• Take an active role in developing, reviewing, and improving current financial policies, procedures, internal controls, and systems, as well as updating SOPs.
• Supervise a team of Accounts Executives.

Job Requirement :

• Degree in Accountancy or CPA
• Good communication and interpersonal skills
• Supervisory experience
• SAP B1 and multi co. reporting exp. will be an added advantage
• Preferably staying in the West

Please submit your updated resume by using the APPLY NOW BUTTON

By submitting your personal data and/or resume to us in connection with your job application, you will be deemed to have agreed and consented to us in collecting, using, retaining, and disclosing your personal data and/or resume to prospective employers for the purpose of the evaluating, processing and administration by company relating to this job application.

*We regret to inform that only shortlisted candidates would be notified*
We wish you all the best in your career search.

You are welcome to visit our website at http://www.rkgroup.sg/

RK Recruitment Pte Ltd | EA License No.: 20C0280

Ian Gan Zhi Shen | EA Personnel No.: R21102913

Job Summary:

• Senior Account Executive/ Manager (Metal Recycling Industry)
• Permanent role
• Basic up to $ 7,000 + VB + Attractive benefits
• Monday to Friday, 8.30am to 5.30pm
• Location: Benoi Sector

Responsibilities:

• Manage the full spectrum of accounting functions, including Accounts Receivables and Payables, Inventories, Fixed Assets, and General Ledger.
• Provide assistance with SAP and IT accounting system issues.
• Take an active role in developing, reviewing, and improving current financial policies, procedures, internal controls, and systems, as well as updating SOPs.
• Supervise a team of Accounts Executives.

Job Requirement :

• Degree in Accountancy or CPA
• Good communication and interpersonal skills
• Supervisory experience
• SAP B1 and multi co. reporting exp. will be an added advantage
• Preferably staying in the West

Please submit your updated resume by using the APPLY NOW BUTTON

By submitting your personal data and/or resume to us in connection with your job application, you will be deemed to have agreed and consented to us in collecting, using, retaining, and disclosing your personal data and/or resume to prospective employers for the purpose of the evaluating, processing and administration by company relating to this job application.

*We regret to inform that only shortlisted candidates would be notified*
We wish you all the best in your career search.

You are welcome to visit our website at http://www.rkgroup.sg/

RK Recruitment Pte Ltd | EA License No.: 20C0280

Ian Gan Zhi Shen | EA Personnel No.: R21102913

Job description

• Assign with and manage/service a diversified portfolio of clients providing statutory auditing services and to co-lead/lead the engagements.
• Involved in budgeting process to prepare forecasts billings and collections on a regular basis.
• Perform significant risks assessment and audit procedures according to an audit plan.
• Assess audit evidence to derive at conclusions in response to audit objectives.
• Analyse matters arising from audit with Audit Leader/Partner.
• Ensure proper audit documentation and file quality.
• Responsible for audit engagements’ quality, delivery, and budget.
• Provide professional development trainings and manage the team performance.
• Maintain client relationship and development a long-term partnership.

Job requirement

• Have at least a Degree in Accountancy/Accounting/Finance or equivalent
• Have at least 4 years of relevant experience
• Knowledge of International Financial Reporting Standards, Singapore Financial Reporting Standards, relevant statutory rules and good understanding in the regulatory compliance and procedures.
• Have a positive attitude, great communication skills, an analytical mind, problem-solving skills, leadership qualities, ability to work independently as well as an effectively team player.

- To assist in statutory audit of private companies, limited companies and non-for-profit organisations.

- To assist in performance of compliance audits.

- To perform high quality and effective audit procedures.

- To learn and apply financial reporting standards and audit standards.

- To learn financial reporting for disclosure and presentation of financial statements.

- To conduct audit planning.

- To perform walkthrough test and test of controls

Job Requirements:

- Candidate preferred to possess at least Bachelor's Degree/ Post-Graduate Diploma/Professional Degree in Accountancy or equivalent.

- Required language(s): English

- Required Skill(s): Microsoft Office, Financial Reporting Standards

- Audit Professionals (B.Acc / ACCA / ICAEW / CPA or equivalent)

- Strong communication skills and maintain good relationship with client

- Ability to collaborate in a team environment

- Ability to handle multiple engagements and work under pressure

- Interested candidates to email resume and state expected salaries.

Senior Audit Associate/ Supervisor

• 5 days / 5.5 days(Saturday half day during peak period)
• 0830am - 1730pm
• Up to $4500
• Beach Road, Golden Mile Tower (Nicoll Highway)

Duties

• Is expected to lead various sizes of audit engagements which include planning, performing, reviewing of audit work performed by less experienced personnel and concluding the engagement.
• Works closely with team members to execute the audit plan and ensures the timely completion of the audit engagement.
• Works closely with clients and manages their expectations to further nurture on-going client relationships.
• Able to identify unethical behavior and react based on the applicable ethical principles.
• Operates in work contexts that are less standardization and unanticipated changes can be frequent due to changes in the external environment.
• Work with any of the assurance teams to obtain an understanding of our client’s business.
• Develop an audit plan/strategy for an audit of financial statements and document the planning procedures.
• Prepare/tailor audit programmes based on areas of audit emphasis determined at the planning stage.
• Perform audit tests of controls and substantive procedures based on planned audit approach to address the various assertions, eg: existence & completeness, rights and obligations, valuation, accuracy, presentation and disclosure.

Requirements

• Bachelor's Degree or equivalent
• 1-2 year of working experience as senior audit associate.

Interested Personal kindly contact WhatsApp :+65 8833 7969(Lydia)

OR

Email to : [email protected]

The Supreme HR Advisory Pte Ltd

Reg No: R1988890

EA No: 14C7279

Senior Accounts Executive

Working Day: Monday to Friday, 9:30 am - 6:30 pm (1day Flexi WFH)

Working Location: Jurong East

Salary: $3k - $4k + VB

Job Description

We are seek for a skilled and detail-oriented Senior Accounts Executive to manage comprehensive financial processes and ensure compliance with statutory and regulatory standards. The successful candidate will handle full inter-company accounting responsibilities, lead reporting and budgeting efforts, and guide the accounts team. This role is ideal for a proactive individual with strong financial acumen and the ability to oversee various financial functions effectively.

Requirements

• Possessed Diploma or Degree in Accounting, Finance, or a related field.
• Proven experience managing a full set of accounts, with strong knowledge of Singapore accounting standards, GST regulations, and statutory requirements.
• Proficiency in Xero accounting software and Microsoft Office, especially Excel.
• Required to liaise with external auditors, tax agents, banks, and regulatory bodies.
• Experience in the interior design or construction industry is advantageous.
• Knowledge of process improvement methodologies to enhance financial workflows and internal controls.

Key Responsibilities

• Handle the full set of accounts for inter-companies.
• Assist in the preparation of monthly management reports.
• Perform monthly, quarterly, and annual closings, including journal postings.
• Oversee accounts receivable and accounts payable functions, ensuring timely billing, collections, and payment processing.
• Ensure timely and accurate submission of GST, annual tax returns, and other statutory filings.
• Prepare audit schedule and attend to the queries raised by external auditors.
• Review tax computations and liaise with tax agents to manage the tax filing process.
• Prepare budget and annual forecasts.
• Liaise with external auditors, tax agents, banks, corporate secretaries, and government authorities to ensure compliance with all statutory and regulatory requirements.
• Review, implement, and improve financial workflows, processes, and policies to strengthen internal control and compliance and enhance operational efficiencies.
• Provide guidance, advice & support to the accounts team.
• Respond to all vendor inquiries regarding accounting.
• Any other ad hoc duties assigned by management.

Chew Xing Shan Reg No: R22107044

The Supreme HR Advisory Pte Ltd EA No: 14C7279

WhatsApp: +65 83592812 [Shannon]

Senior Accounts Executive

Working Day: Monday to Friday, 9:30 am - 6:30 pm (1day Flexi WFH)

Working Location: Jurong East

Salary: $3k - $4k + VB

Job Description

We are seek for a skilled and detail-oriented Senior Accounts Executive to manage comprehensive financial processes and ensure compliance with statutory and regulatory standards. The successful candidate will handle full inter-company accounting responsibilities, lead reporting and budgeting efforts, and guide the accounts team. This role is ideal for a proactive individual with strong financial acumen and the ability to oversee various financial functions effectively.

Requirements

• Possessed Diploma or Degree in Accounting, Finance, or a related field.
• Proven experience managing a full set of accounts, with strong knowledge of Singapore accounting standards, GST regulations, and statutory requirements.
• Proficiency in Xero accounting software and Microsoft Office, especially Excel.
• Required to liaise with external auditors, tax agents, banks, and regulatory bodies.
• Experience in the interior design or construction industry is advantageous.
• Knowledge of process improvement methodologies to enhance financial workflows and internal controls.

Key Responsibilities

• Handle the full set of accounts for inter-companies.
• Assist in the preparation of monthly management reports.
• Perform monthly, quarterly, and annual closings, including journal postings.
• Oversee accounts receivable and accounts payable functions, ensuring timely billing, collections, and payment processing.
• Ensure timely and accurate submission of GST, annual tax returns, and other statutory filings.
• Prepare audit schedule and attend to the queries raised by external auditors.
• Review tax computations and liaise with tax agents to manage the tax filing process.
• Prepare budget and annual forecasts.
• Liaise with external auditors, tax agents, banks, corporate secretaries, and government authorities to ensure compliance with all statutory and regulatory requirements.
• Review, implement, and improve financial workflows, processes, and policies to strengthen internal control and compliance and enhance operational efficiencies.
• Provide guidance, advice & support to the accounts team.
• Respond to all vendor inquiries regarding accounting.
• Any other ad hoc duties assigned by management.

Chew Xing Shan Reg No: R22107044

The Supreme HR Advisory Pte Ltd EA No: 14C7279

WhatsApp: +65 83592812 [Shannon]

Job Descriptions:

1. Manage a portfolio of audit clients independently.
2. Lead and supervise an audit team consisting of seniors and assistants.
3. Monitoring audit assignments and performing all aspects of planning and executing risk-based financial and operational audits for a wide range of clientele from various industries.
4. Analyse internal control system of companies.
5. Review and ensure completeness and quality of staff work and compliance of all statutory and/or regulatory requirements of the engagements..
6. Coach, motivate, and develop team members to attain experience that cultivate technical competencies.

Job Requirements:

• Bachelor's Degree/Post Graduate Diploma in Accountancy, ACCA, CA or equivalent professional qualification.
• At least 5-6 years of audit experience with a minimum of 3 years as Audit Senior.
• Mature, responsible, adaptable, flexible, strong analytical skills and committed.
• Strong oral and written communication skills.
• Good command of Chinese and English in both written and spoken to liase with Chinese speaking customers and associates.
• Able to liaise with different stakeholders.
• Proficient in Microsoft Office software programs. Proficient in Audit Express software will be an advantage.

Benefits

· Professional Institutional Member

· Positive working environment

· Career advancement; Opportunities to learn with career progression

· Training Development

· Long Service Awards

**We regret to inform that only shortlisted candidates will be notified**

By sending us your personal data and curriculum vitae (CV), you are deemed to consent to Assurance PAC and its affiliates to collect, use and disclose your personal data for the purpose of recruitment.

Key Responsibilities:

Assisting Audit Director & Audit Manager with below duties:

• Manage full aspects of audit engagements, from planning to wrapping up and presentations of audit findings including timely billing and collections
• Ensure that the firm’s risk management and quality control procedures are adhered to at all times
• Manage and service a portfolio of clients. Act as a major point of contact within the firm for the client together with the partner/director

Requirements:

• At least an Advanced Diploma/ Degree in Accountancy.
• Must possess professional qualifications such as CA, CPA, CIA, CISA, ACCA full member, or relevant certification in the discipline.
• With at least 4 years and above of relevant work experience from audit or accounting firm.
• Good command of English with excellent written and oral communication skills.

Benefits

· Professional Institutional Member

· Positive working environment

· Career advancement; Opportunities to learn with career progression

· Training Development

· Long Service Awards

We regret that only shortlisted candidates will be notify.

By sending us your personal data and curriculum vitae (CV), you are deemed to consent to Assurance Partners LLP and its affiliates to collect, use and disclose your personal data for the purpose of recruitment.

Accounts Executive

Hexacon Construction is seeking an accounts executive immediately.

What’s on offer

This is a permanent role based at Balestier Road.

· SGD 2,600 - $3,700 monthly, depending on experience and qualifications

· 5-day work week

· 14 days annual leave

· 3 months probation

Reporting to the Finance Controller and Senior Accountant, you are responsible for:

· Maintain accounting general ledgers within accounting software and on Excel

· Perform general ledger, bank, supplier statement reconciliation

· Assist in preparing monthly management accounts, quarterly GST Form 5

· Assist with auditor and tax agent queries, providing of relevant information

· Accurate data entry into claims submission, supplier and payment processing

· Other ad-hoc duties

The successful candidate should:

· Degree / diploma in accountancy

· Ideally, 1-3 years of accounting experience. However, fresh degree / diploma graduates are still welcome to apply

· Meticulous, with an eye for detail

· Spoken and written English proficiency

· Candidates with prior experience with IFCA accounting software will have a significant advantage, but not a must

· Live within the Balestier / Toa Payoh / Bishan area

*Candidate must possess at least Diploma/Advanced/Higher/Graduate Diploma in Business.

*Studies/Administration/Management, Finance/Accountancy/Banking, Human Resource Management or equivalent.

*At least 3 Year(s) of working experience in the related field is required for this position.

*Required Skill(s): Proficient in MYOB, Proficient in MS Office, Good Communication Skill, Good Writing Skill.

*Preferably Junior Executive specialized in Finance - General/Cost Accounting or equivalent.

* You will be allocated in Tuas office.

Roles & Responsibilities

· Manage and service a portfolio of clientele, develop and maintain long-term client relationships and identify business development opportunities

· Manage full aspects of audit engagements, from planning to finalisation

· Manage a team of audit professionals and assist the Audit Partner and Director in delivering assurance services to a portfolio of clients

· Perform review work of audit teams' findings

· Coach, mentor and build high performance teams

Requirements

· Degree or professional accounting qualifications recognised by ISCA

· Minimum 5 years' relevant work experience in a public accounting firm

· Possess strong technical (accounting/auditing standards), project management and time management skills

· Good communication and interpersonal skills

· Possess initiative and an analytical mind

· Ability to lead a team of like-minded professionals

Meet prospects to expand the firm’s business

Conceptualize interior designs

Crystalize concepts into drawings (hand drawings or software)

Liaise closely with contractors and suppliers, able to plan and monitor delivery schedule

Able to manage client’s expectations and build rapport with clientele

Able to work independently

Great interpersonal and negotiation skills

Self-driven and possess positive attitude to learn

Creative and imaginative

Able to visualize concepts and explain them to clients

Good organizational skills to ensure each project is completed on time and within budget

Self-discipline

Diploma in Interior Design/Architecture

Knowledge in Adobe Photoshop, AutoCAD, 3D StudioMax would be advantageous

Minimum 2 Year(s) of working experience in the related field is required for this position.

Fresh Grads may apply

Company Overview

YKMJ Construction & Engineering Pte. Ltd is a reputable construction company in Singapore, seeking an experienced and qualified Accounting Manager to join our Finance Department.

Job Summary

We are looking for a highly motivated and organized Accounting Manager to oversee our accounting operations, ensure compliance with financial regulations, and provide strategic financial guidance to support our business growth.

Responsibilities

• Manage and supervise the accounting team to ensure accurate and timely financial reporting
• Oversee financial statement preparation, budgeting, and forecasting
• Ensure compliance with financial regulations, laws, and company policies
• Develop and implement financial processes and controls to improve efficiency and reduce risk
• Analyze financial data to provide insights and recommendations for business improvement
• Collaborate with internal stakeholders, including management, project managers, and department heads
• Manage external relationships with auditors, bankers, and other financial institutions

Requirements

• Professional certification in accounting (ACCA, CA, CPA) minimum have to holding Bachelor's Degree.
• At least 5 years of experience in accounting and finance, preferably in the construction industry
• Strong knowledge of accounting standards, tax laws, and financial regulations
• Excellent leadership, communication, and interpersonal skills
• Ability to analyze complex financial data and provide strategic recommendations
• Proficient in accounting software and Microsoft Office

What We Offer

• Competitive salary and bonus structure
• Opportunities for career growth and professional development
• Collaborative and dynamic work environment
• Recognition and rewards for outstanding performance

How to Apply

If you are a motivated and experienced accounting professional looking for a new challenge, please submit your resume and cover letter to [email protected].

Job Scope & Responbilities :

• Handle for full set of account
• Financial month end closing
• Perform monthly bank reconciliations & bank record
• Coordinate and liaise with external parties like auditors, tax agents and tax authorities
• Responsible for all duties related to Human Resources,
• Monthly payroll preparation, CPF submission
• Handle GST submission
• Responsible of IRAS AIS,IR8A, Corporate tax, Income tax etc.
• MOM WPOL/EPOL/OFWAS and BCA matter
• Handling other admin duties
• Perform any other ad hoc duties when required.

Job Requirements :

• Candidate must possess at least Diploma/Advanced/Higher/Graduate Diploma in Finance/Accountancy/Banking or equivalent.
• Language: Bilingual in English and Chinese (read, write and speak) as the incumbent needs to liaise with Mandarin-speaking associates in the course of work.
• At least 2 Year(s) of working experience in the related field is required for this position.
• Preferably Junior Executive specialized in Finance - General/Cost Accounting or equivalent.
• Only Singaporean or PR may apply

The Audit Supervisor is expected to lead various sizes of audit engagements which include planning, performing, reviewing of audit work performed by less experienced personnel and concluding the engagement. He/She works closely with team members to execute the audit plan and ensures the timely completion of the audit engagement. He/She also works closely with clients and manages their expectations to further nurture on-going client relationships. He/She is able to identify unethical behavior and react based on the applicable ethical principles.

The Audit Supervisor operates in work contexts that are less standardization and unanticipated changes can be frequent due to changes in the external environment.

Candidate is required to plan, co-ordinate and supervisor various audit assignments for review by the engagement manager or partner. He/She will manage a portfolio of engagements to deliver high quality audit services. He/She will also provide leadership on audit engagements which include client acceptance process, engagement planning, execution and finalisation of an audit engagement. He/She is fully accountable for the audit engagement and ensures that the engagement progress against budget and timeline is closely monitored.

Job Description:

• Report to the head of finance department.
• Full sets of accounting duties.
• Review monthly accounts.
• Liaise with auditors on statutory audit matters; tax agents/tax authorities on tax submission and tax queries.
• Ensure accurate preparation of the monthly closing and financial reports.
• Responsible for the management reporting, budgeting, and forecasting process.
• Review and enhance the financial management and reporting process.

Job Requirement:

• Hold a bachelor degree in accountancy/ finance or equivalent.
• Minimum 10 years of relevant working experience.
• Good communication and interpersonal skills.
• Bilingual language will be an advantage as we need to oftenly and effectively communicate with overseas stakeholders.
• Have experiences in working in large scale projects.
• 6 days work.

Job Description:

• Report to the head of finance department.
• Full sets of accounting duties.
• Review monthly accounts.
• Liaise with auditors on statutory audit matters; tax agents/tax authorities on tax submission and tax queries.
• Ensure accurate preparation of the monthly closing and financial reports.
• Responsible for the management reporting, budgeting, and forecasting process.
• Review and enhance the financial management and reporting process.

Job Requirement:

• Hold a bachelor degree in accountancy/ finance or equivalent.
• Minimum 10 years of relevant working experience.
• Good communication and interpersonal skills.
• Bilingual language will be an advantage as we need to oftenly and effectively communicate with overseas stakeholders.
• Have experiences in working in large scale projects.
• 6 days work.

Roles & Responsibilities

• Accounting knowledge (AR, AP, GST Filing, CPF Submission and Payroll)
• Maintain proper accounting records
• Data entry for all financial transactions
• Handle full set of accounts
• Carry out work pemit applications, renewals and cancellation of foreign workers
• Follow up with purchase or cancellation of workers' bond guarantees
• Answer phone calls and attend to walk in customers
• Any other ad-hoc duties as assigned

Requirements

• Minimum 1 to 2 years relevant working experience is required
• Minimum certificate in Accounting or equivalent academic qualification
• Proficient in Microsoft Office
• 5.5 days work in office (Alternate Saturday)
• Able to start work immediately

Job Description:

• Report to the head of finance department.
• Full sets of accounting duties.
• Review monthly accounts.
• Liaise with auditors on statutory audit matters; tax agents/tax authorities on tax submission and tax queries.
• Ensure accurate preparation of the monthly closing and financial reports.
• Responsible for the management reporting, budgeting, and forecasting process.
• Review and enhance the financial management and reporting process.

Job Requirement:

• Hold a bachelor degree in accountancy/ finance or equivalent.
• Minimum 10 years of relevant working experience.
• Good communication and interpersonal skills.
• Bilingual language will be an advantage as we need to oftenly and effectively communicate with overseas stakeholders.
• Have experiences in working in large scale projects.
• 6 days work.

Job Description:

• Experience in handling full set of accounts.
• Ensure month-end and yearly closing deadline are met and compliance to local rule and regulation.
• Responsible for preparation and closing of monthly and annual financial statements.
• Responsible for the full spectrum of Accounts payables and Accounts receivable.
• Prepare Quarterly GST Submissions on time.
• Liaise with Commercial Department on projects invoicing & Work in progress.
• Assist in yearly audit, handle audit queries.
• Assist to verify staff claims for reimbursement.
• Prepare and analyse project budget and forecast reports.
• Liaise with external auditors and provide the required support to the auditors.
• Perform any other duties as assigned.

Job Requirement:

• Hold a Bachelor degree in accountancy/ finance or equivalent.
• IT savvy and proficient in Microsoft Office.
• Good communication and interpersonal skills.
• Able work at container site office
• 5.5 day work.

• Oversees audit planning, field work, and audit reporting; prepares reports, and communicates findings and recommendations to management.
• Review audit work papers prepared by the audit staff to ensure compliance with the firm's audit methodology.
• Responsible for the daily supervision of audit staff and responsible for the development of audit staff and the completion of performance evaluations.
• Excellent communications skills, strong analytical and problem solving skills.
• Technically-sound and committed with good positive working attitude.
• Able to perform under pressure in fast-paced working environment.

Job Description:

• Experience in handling full set of accounts.
• Ensure month-end and yearly closing deadline are met and compliance to local rule and regulation.
• Responsible for preparation and closing of monthly and annual financial statements.
• Responsible for the full spectrum of Accounts payables and Accounts receivable.
• Prepare Quarterly GST Submissions on time.
• Liaise with Commercial Department on projects invoicing & Work in progress.
• Assist in yearly audit, handle audit queries.
• Assist to verify staff claims for reimbursement.
• Prepare and analyse project budget and forecast reports.
• Liaise with external auditors and provide the required support to the auditors.
• Perform any other duties as assigned.

Job Requirement:

• Hold a Bachelor degree in accountancy/ finance or equivalent.
• IT savvy and proficient in Microsoft Office.
• Good communication and interpersonal skills.
• 5.5 day work.

Job Description:

• Experience in handling full set of accounts.
• Ensure month-end and yearly closing deadline are met and compliance to local rule and regulation.
• Responsible for preparation and closing of monthly and annual financial statements.
• Responsible for the full spectrum of Accounts payables and Accounts receivable.
• Prepare Quarterly GST Submissions on time.
• Liaise with Commercial Department on projects invoicing & Work in progress.
• Assist in yearly audit, handle audit queries.
• Assist to verify staff claims for reimbursement.
• Prepare and analyse project budget and forecast reports.
• Liaise with external auditors and provide the required support to the auditors.
• Perform any other duties as assigned.

Job Requirement:

• Hold a Bachelor degree in accountancy/ finance or equivalent.
• IT savvy and proficient in Microsoft Office.
• Good communication and interpersonal skills.
• 5.5 day work.

• Handling supplier invoices on a daily basis.
• Monitor and review of outstanding invoices with prompt resolution of queries.
• Ensuring all supplier invoices are filed accurately and timely.
• Reconciliation of supplier statements.
• Handling communications with suppliers via phone, email, and in-person and resolving queries.
• Processing transactions, issue cheques, and updating ledgers, budgets, filling etc.
• Prepare and submit monthly bank reconciliation statement.
• Assist in audit requirement and confirmation request.
• Administrative
• Any other duties on time to time basis.