Responsibilities

• Must know also well referred to as a machine Programming, Seeting, or tender, uses manufacturing equipment to shape metal or plastic components for products.
• operate, calibrate, and know basic maintain machinery, as well as inspect finished products to ensure quality work.
• Liaise with other managers to formulate objectives and understand requirements
• Estimate costs and prepare budgets
• Organize workflow to meet specifications and deadlines
• Monitor production to resolve issues
• Supervise and evaluate performance of production personnel (quality inspectors, workers etc.)
• Determine amount of necessary resources (workforce, raw materials etc.)
• Approve maintenance work, purchasing of equipment etc.
• Ensure output meets quality standards
• Enforce health and safety precautions
• Report to upper management
• Keeping abreast of advancements in engineering and production, and sharing knowledge with co-workers.
• Identifying, documenting, and reporting unsafe practices.
• Drawing up production schedules and budgets for projects.
• Scheduling meetings with relevant departments and stakeholders.
• Analyzing all facets of production and making recommendations for improvement.
• Obtaining any materials and equipment required.
• Oversaw mold setup/mold changes and adjusted processes to
• ensure product quality.
• Material Processing (PC, HIPS, ABS, Nylon GF,PPTF.POM,PPCP,PP)
• Oversaw production on 16 injection molding machines,
• maintaining lean manufacturing principles..
• Operated and supervised MILACRON (EQ&M) Series, ANGEL,
• HAITIAN, TEDERIC, and TON (80 to 2800) injection molding
• machines.
• Conducted analysis and improvement activities for new mold
• trials, resulting in enhanced product quality.
• Monitored and improved Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
• on the shop floor, achieving productivity gains.

Requirements and skills

• Bacheleor Degree in Plastic moulding Technology or Manufacturing Engineering
• Proven experience as production Engineering
• Deep knowledge of production management
• Understanding of quality standards and health & safety regulations
• Knowledge of performance evaluation and budgeting concepts
• Experience in reporting on key production metrics
• Proficient in MS Office and ERP software
• Outstanding communication ability
• Excellent organizational and leaderships skills
• Attention to detail
• Strong decision-making skills and a results-driven approach
• All Races Welcome
• Prefer to work in Night Shift also

(We manufacture of EG POLYTHENE AND POLYPROPYLENE BAGS)

Responsibilities

• Evaluate manufacturing processes based on quality criteria, such as efficiency and speed
• Study production and machine requirements
• Develop and test effective automated and manual systems
• Design and install equipment
• Organize and manage manufacturing workflows and resources
• Integrate disparate systems (e.g. equipment handling, transport)
• Optimize facility layouts, production lines, machine operations and network performance
• Resolve issues and delays in production
• Find ways to reduce costs and maximize quality
• Train staff in new and existing processes
• Collaborate with other engineers, contractors and suppliers
• Ensure that manufacturing procedures follow safety and environmental regulations
• Upgrade systems and processes with new technology
• Operate and maintained injection molding machines, ensuringsmooth production processes.
• Conducted real-time troubleshooting to identify and addressmachine issues promptly.
• Collaborated with the maintenance team to perform preventive maintenance activities.
• Executed mold changes and set up machines for different production runs.
• Monitored and maintained product quality through regular inspections.
• Worked with production schedules to meet daily and weekly production targets.
• Implemented safety protocols and ensured a safe working environment.
• Trained new operators on machine operations and safety procedures.
• Recorded and documented machine parameters and production data.
• UNITED PLASTIC PRIVITED LIMITED |2022-2024 present | Injection molding Technician
• Oversaw mold setup/mold changes and adjusted processes to
• ensure product quality.
• Material Processing (PC, HIPS, ABS, Nylon GF,PPTF.POM,PPCP,PP)
• Oversaw production on 16 injection molding machines,
• maintaining lean manufacturing principles..
• Operated and supervised MILACRON (EQ&M) Series, ANGEL,
• HAITIAN, TEDERIC, and TON (80 to 2800) injection molding
• machines.
• Conducted analysis and improvement activities for new mold
• trials, resulting in enhanced product quality.
• Monitored and improved Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
• on the shop floor, achieving productivity gains.

Requirements and skills

• Bacheleor Degree in Plastic moulding Technology or Manufacturing Engineering
• Proven experience as production Engineering
• Deep knowledge of production management
• Understanding of quality standards and health & safety regulations
• Knowledge of performance evaluation and budgeting concepts
• Experience in reporting on key production metrics
• Proficient in MS Office and ERP software
• Outstanding communication ability
• Excellent organizational and leaderships skills
• Attention to detail
• Strong decision-making skills and a results-driven approach
• All Races Welcome
• Prefer to work in Night Shift also

MOULD DESIGNER job duties include designing molds, using CAD software and programs like Pro-E, Unigraphics Drawing, Solidworks, and AutoCAD, and visiting manufacturing facilities to make sure your mold designs work correctly.

(We manufacture of EG POLYTHENE PRODUCTS AND POLYPROPYLENE BAGS)

Mold Designer Responsibilities:

• Reading blueprints, following instructions, and using CAD programs to plan the molds that must be constructed.
• Creating new tooling for molds, die-casting, and metal stamping according to specifications from the design team.
• Setting up equipment and ensuring each piece of equipment is appropriate for the intended mold design.
• Mixing modeling materials and melting metal pieces for creating molds.
• Maintaining and repairing existing tooling and molds.
• Creating prototype products, fixtures, and jigs to check the effectiveness of newly created molds.
• Analyzing and correcting mold malfunctions.
• Disassembling mold tooling for cleaning and repairs.
• Operator and maintained injection molding machines, ensuring smooth production processes.
• Conducted real-time troubleshooting to identify and address machine issues promptly.
• Collaborated with the maintenance team to perform preventive maintenance activities.
• Executed mold changes and set up machines for different production runs.
• Monitored and maintained product quality through regular inspections.
• Worked with production schedules to meet daily and weekly production targets.
• Implemented safety protocols and ensured a safe working environment.
• Trained new operators on machine operations and safety procedures.
• Recorded and documented machine parameters and
• Keeping abreast of advancements in engineering and production, and sharing knowledge with co-workers.
• Identifying, documenting, and reporting unsafe practices.
• Drawing up production schedules and budgets for projects.
• Scheduling meetings with relevant departments and stakeholders.
• Analyzing all facets of production and making recommendations for improvement.
• Obtaining any materials and equipment required.
• Oversaw mold setup/mold changes and adjusted processes to
• ensure product quality.
• Material Processing (PC, HIPS, ABS, Nylon GF,PPTF.POM,PPCP,PP)
• Oversaw production on 16 injection molding machines,
• maintaining lean manufacturing principles..
• Operated and supervised MILACRON (EQ&M) Series, ANGEL,
• HAITIAN, TEDERIC, and TON (80 to 2800) injection molding
• machines.
• Conducted analysis and improvement activities for new mold
• trials, resulting in enhanced product quality.
• Monitored and improved Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
• on the shop floor, achieving productivity gains.

production data.

Mold Designer Requirements:

• Bachelor of Plastic Mould Technology/Manufacturing Engineering related.
• An associate's degree in tool making or a related field may be advantageous.
• Completion of an accredited mold making apprenticeship program may be advantageous.
• A minimum of 4 years' experience in mold making or mold maintenance, Setting, programming, Designing
• In-depth knowledge of computer numerically controlled machine tools, precision measurement devices, and other shop equipment.
• Strong troubleshooting and problem-solving skills.
• Good active learning, time management, communication, and organizational skills.
• Excellent manual dexterity, wrist-finger speed, and arm-hand steadiness.
• Attention to detail and the ability to read and interpret blueprints.
• The ability to work with minimal supervision.
• Strong decision-making skills and a results-driven approach
• All Races Welcome
• Prefer to work in Night Shift also

• Position : ALL WELCOME - Electrical/Production Technician (DC Battery Charger) - Up to $3000
• Location : West - Pioneer
• Working hours : Monday to Friday | 8.15am to 5.30pm
• Salary (commensurate with experience) : Up to $3000 + AWS + 12 - 18 Days Annual Leaves + Medical Benefits
• Duration : Permanent
• Industry : Electronics Engineering

Main Responsibilities:

• Support day to day production activities.
• Mounting of components as well as wiring of power supply equipment, DC battery chargers
• Safely and efficiently operates their assigned processes to meet the day-to-day quality, production and productivity goals.

Requirements:

• Able to read in-depth circuit diagram
• Minimum of or NITEC Higher NITEC in electrical or electronics engineering
• Willing to learn and self-motivated.
• All with relevant experience welcome to apply

Email to: [email protected]

Do visit www.facebook.com/search.personnel for more job listings.

***We do not charge our candidates any referral fee nor bind them with any contract.***

Chloe Ong

Consulting Manager (APAC)

Reg no.: R22105510

EA No: 13C6684

About us

Love, Bonito is a digital-first company on a mission to empower the everyday Asian woman and inspire self-confidence. We are Southeast Asia’s leading womenswear brand, headquartered in Singapore, with an omnichannel presence across Hong Kong SAR China, Indonesia, Malaysia and a retail franchise in Cambodia. In addition, we have also expanded into international markets namely the Philippines and the United States of America.

Founded in 2010, we are proudly female-founded with more than 65% female representation in leadership roles (#girlpower!). We raised a US$50M Series C round in 2021 and know that we’re on the cusp of something great, where we’re working towards becoming the most thoughtful brand globally, for the Asian female consumer, especially when it comes to our products, community and experiences.

There’s a lot more work to be done with all of our exciting plans. So we’re looking to team up with people who are wildly passionate about making an impact and be part of a dynamic team, in a workplace with no corporate BS (yes, you read that right!).

The Role

As the Creative Production Lead for the Creative Department at Love Bonito, you will work closely with the Creative Director and the magical creative team to facilitate the efficient execution of projects. You will be responsible for various administrative tasks, coordinating logistics, managing schedules, and providing support to ensure the seamless flow of operations within the studio. The ideal candidate will be detail-oriented, resourceful, and able to thrive in a fast-paced environment. A background in fashion/commerce would be ideal and strengthened support pillar.

If you are a proactive and organised individual with a passion for supporting creative endeavours, join our team and play a vital role in helping us deliver outstanding visual content to our customers.

Main Responsibilities

• Assist in the coordination of project logistics, including scheduling, budgeting, and resource allocation.
• Support the Creative hub in managing project timelines and ensuring that deadlines are met.
• Coordinate with internal teams to gather necessary resources and information for project execution.
• Assist in the procurement of materials and equipment required for photo shoots and other creative projects.
• Serve as a point of contact for internal and external stakeholders, providing timely updates and addressing inquiries.
• Help maintain organised project files, documentation, and databases, ensuring accuracy and accessibility.
• Assist in the preparation of project briefs, reports, and presentations if needed.
• Coordinate meetings, appointments, and travel arrangements for the creative team.
• Assist in tracking project expenses and reconciling invoices to ensure adherence to budgetary guidelines.
• Support the implementation of process improvements and workflow optimisations to enhance efficiency.

Qualifications & Experience

• Bachelor's degree in a relevant field or equivalent work experience.
• Previous experience in a similar administrative or operations support role, preferably within a creative environment.
• Strong organisational and time management skills, with the ability to prioritise tasks and manage multiple projects simultaneously.
• Excellent attention to detail and accuracy in completing tasks.
• Proficiency in Microsoft Office Suite (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) and familiarity with project management tools.
• Effective communication skills, both written and verbal.
• Ability to work collaboratively in a team environment and build positive working relationships.
• Proactive and solution-oriented approach to problem-solving.
• Flexibility and adaptability to changing priorities and deadlines.

1. Flexible Work Arrangement

• Work from anywhere*!
• Hybrid work and adjustable hours - as long as present during our core working hours

2. Staff Wellness

• Comprehensive corporate insurance (Fully covered visits at our panel clinics, Dental coverage, Maternity reimbursement, Mental wellness support)
• Tailored coaching services for mental wellness

3. Learning and Career Development

• Learning and development (i.e. subscription plans to best-in-class resources, personal development fund etc)
• Dedicated leadership training for those of managerial responsibilities
• Friday pm off for learning

4. #TeamLB perks

• Generous staff discount off LB products
• Corporate partnerships with a variety of companies
• Welcome to #TeamLB swag and store gift cards (get your LB work outfit on us!)
• Employee driven peer-to-peer recognition platform to honour and celebrate everyday achievements
• Internal Referral programme

Purpose

The Production Planning Technical Specialist will be responsible for supporting the Production Planning Senior Engineer in overall planning activities for the production shopfloor in order to fulfill production schedule in the manufacturing line to manufacture high quality products for Customers with the objective of ensuring smooth business operations within department guidelines and corporate policies.

Responsibilities

Line planning Coordination

• Coordinating production workflow for one or multiple products, including accurate target for production shopfloor execution
• Planning and prioritizing operations to ensure maximum performance and minimum delay
• Planning and tracking of priority prototypes
• Ensure on-time delivery to customers

Line Performance analysis

• Analyze back log, current and upcoming production to plan accordingly
• Review of critical line performance in terms of cycle time, starts and delivery accuracy, WIP on hold etc
• Ensure continuous line improvements +WIP flow efficiency

Attributes

• Good team player, good communication abilities.

Requirements

• Candidate must possess at least Nitec/Diploma in Engineering.
• 3 Years of experience in production planning within the Semiconductor Industry (Manufacturing experience will be advantageous)
• Basic computer skills preferably in MS office.
• Knowledge of JMP or SiView will be advantageous.
• Analytical and good with managing large sets of data.
• Advantageous to have basic cleanroom knowledge.
• Need to be able to work on either swing shift below:

Tues – Sat, (Rest Sun and Mon) or Sun – Thurs (Rest Fri and Sat), working hours: 8.30am to 6pm

Details:

• Salary up to $4,300
• Variable Bonus
• Located at Tuas, Transport pickup provided
• 5 Day work week
• Manufacturing industry

Responsibilities

• Responsible in maintaining the full set of accounts (AP, AR, GL).
• Work with the team to ensure timely, accurate month-end closing and financial reporting to management.
• Keep track of accruals and prepayments.
• Assist with General Ledger and Bank reconciliation.
• Assist in the preparation of budgets, financial statements report.
• Preparation of quarterly GST submission and other statutory tax matters.
• Handle administrative accounting / office duties (expenses, claims, etc)
• Assist in preparing audit schedules.
• Coordinate and liaise with auditor / tax agent / IRAS / any external parties whenever required.
• Ensure timely and accurate month end closing.
• Ensuring compliance with accounting standards, regulations, and company policies.

Requirement:

• Diploma or Bachelor in Accountancy with minimum 5 years experience.
• Strong IT skills for communication and documentation (ie. Excel, Outlook)
• Accuracy skills for capturing information.
• Manufacturing or Chemical industry is added advantages.

Interested candidates can forward their CVs in MS Word format to [email protected]

Reg No. R1549345

Triton AI Pte Ltd

License no. 21C0661

• Material Control Technician II

  At Alcon, we are driven by the meaningful work we do to help people see brilliantly. We innovate boldly, champion progress, and act with speed as the global leader in eye care. Here, you’ll be recognized for your commitment and contributions and see your career like never before. Together, we go above and beyond to make an impact in the lives of our patients and customers. We foster an inclusive culture and are looking for diverse, talented people to join Alcon.

  As a Material Control Technician II supporting ASM Supply Chain Department, you will be trusted to work on to Warehouse Shipping and Receiving at Tuas. In this role, a typical day will include:

Execute inbound and outbound material control tasks, inbound and outbound material logistic tasks, ERP transactions, continuous improvement, HSE tasks, administrative tasks, ad-hoc tasks as assigned by supervisor

Meet expected standards and timeline as communicated by supervisor.

Execute material control tasks with required ERP transactions:

• Inbound material receipts
• Accurate, timely work order material issue to production staging areas
• Put away materials and production returns
• Transfer of finished goods to external warehouse
• Disposal of obsolete materials
• Routine cycle count, investigate discrepancies.

Execute material logistic tasks with required ERP transactions:

• Transfer of inbound materials
• Monitor inbound material logistics estimated time of arrival (ETA) to site, escalate delays to planned ETAs
• Plan and execute outbound materials logistics.

Others tasks:

• Warehouse housekeeping, 5S activities, self-inspection tasks, consumables stock take and issue PO to replenish
• Work in manner to ensure Health, Safety, Environment, ensure movement and storage of hazardous materials in compliance with safety requirements, prepare safety risk management plan in collaboration with HSE for supervisor review and approval.
• Continuous improvement projects
• Administrative duties

Alcon Careers

See your impact at alcon.com/careers

Responsibilities:

• Lead a group of Production Technicians in the safe and smooth running of the production.
• Assist the Process Engineer to conduct activities and projects to optimize operation during Shift to achieve operational and cost efficiency.
• Troubleshoot plant/equipment/quality issues and recommend countermeasures.
• Monitor and ensure plant equipment integrity and reliability.
• Assist the Process Engineer to support Shift operation by providing suitable operating conditions for stable plant operation and product quality control.
• Train and develop team members

Requirements:

• Degree in Chemical Engineering or its equivalent, preferably with 1 to 2 years of experience in petroleum, chemical or polymer industries.
• Have knowledge of process control and troubleshooting, hands on knowledge of plant equipment and instrumentation.
• Essential prerequisites include good analytical and technical report writing skills, ability to be a team player with leadership, initiative, drive & commitment, able to take pressure and able to communicate well with others.
• This is a shift work position (i.e. Rotating AM and PM shifts, including weekends and Public Holiday) and there will be scheduled off days

Interested candidates can forward their CVs in MS Word format to alex#triton-ai.com

Reg No. R1549345

Triton AI Pte Ltd

License no. 21C0661

Job Description

Our Company is an innovative, global healthcare leader that is committed to improving health and well-being around the world.  Our product offering categories include oncology products, vaccines, infectious diseases and animal health. We continue to focus our research on conditions that affect millions of people around the world while expanding our strengths in areas like vaccines and biologics.  We also devote extensive time and energy to increasing access to medicines and vaccines through far-reaching programs that donate and deliver our products to the people who need them.

Operation Support Specialist (OSS) is part of the Integrated Process Team (IPT) belonging to our Manufacturing Division, where we deliver cost effective medicines and consumer healthcare products to patients around the world every day through innovation, technical and scientific excellence. Our Pharmaceutical network includes professionals at over 40 locations engaged in providing technical support to new product development, manufacturing and supply.

Production Engineering​ (PE) Intern

As part of the Production team in Singapore, the intern will be able to learn the different manufacturing process, operational systems and activities that support pharmaceutical manufacturing. He/she will be expose to the various process, systems and activities associated with cGMP manufacturing operations within IPT.

The PE intern key responsibilities are as follows:

• Assist in the management of cGMP documentation
• Assist in conducting daily tier meetings between operators, engineers and managers
• Collect and analyze operational data to drive productivity
• Work on continuous improvement activities that help to improve the current operation processes and systems
• Actively participate in group meeting discussions and continuous improvement. Collaborate with colleagues whenever possible to achieve both operational and project goals.

Job Requirements:

• Current pursuing a Diploma in a technical field, preferably in a science or engineering.
• Demonstrated capability in application of sound engineering and scientific principles, project management skills and structured / analytical problem-solving techniques
• An excellent team player who is able to readily take on responsibilities and work independently
• Strong interest in working in an engineering and operational environment
• Excellent communication and facilitation skills
• Have a positive, proactive, can-do attitude
• Keen to learn

Who we are

We are driven by our purpose to develop and deliver innovative products that save and improve lives. With 69,000 employees operating in more than 140 countries, we offer state of the art laboratories, plants and offices that are designed to Inspire our employees as we learn, develop and grow in our careers. We are proud of our 125 years of service to humanity and continue to be one of the world’s biggest investors in Research & Development.

What we look for

In a world of rapid innovation, we seek brave Inventors who want to make an Impact in all aspects of our business, enabling breakthroughs that will affect generations to come. We encourage you to bring your disruptive thinking, collaborative spirit and diverse perspective to our organization. Together we will continue Inventing For Life, Impacting Lives while Inspiring Your Career Growth.

INVENT.

IMPACT.

INSPIRE.

We are proud to be a company that embraces the value of bringing diverse, talented, and committed people together. The fastest way to breakthrough innovation is when diverse ideas come together in an inclusive environment. We encourage our colleagues to respectfully challenge one another’s thinking and approach problems collectively for the common good. We are an equal opportunity employer, committed to fostering an inclusive and diverse workplace.

Current Employees apply HERE

Current Contingent Workers apply HERE

Search Firm Representatives Please Read Carefully 
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA, also known as Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, Rahway, NJ, USA, does not accept unsolicited assistance from search firms for employment opportunities. All CVs / resumes submitted by search firms to any employee at our company without a valid written search agreement in place for this position will be deemed the sole property of our company.  No fee will be paid in the event a candidate is hired by our company as a result of an agency referral where no pre-existing agreement is in place. Where agency agreements are in place, introductions are position specific. Please, no phone calls or emails. 

Employee Status:

Relocation:

VISA Sponsorship:

Travel Requirements:

Flexible Work Arrangements:

Shift:

Valid Driving License:

Hazardous Material(s):

Details:

• Basic Up to $5,500 + Variable Bonus (2 - 3 Month)
• Location: Ang Mo Kio

Responsibilities:

Recruitment

• Specialised in end-to-end recruitment functions which include from onboarding (job postings, screening, shortlisting and interviewing candidates, reference checking, and making salary proposal and job offers) to separations
• Analysing and monitoring the resourcing needs, headcounts approvals, budget, preparation of key manpower indexes for management reporting
• Updating of monthly organisation chart
• Partner recruitment agencies on hiring needs
• Support expats entry and onboarding processes
• Handle work pass application, renewal, and issuance
• Attend to all transfer requests and also provide input for mandatory surveys
• Efficiently use different recruitment tactics such as recruitment platforms, career website, social media, job boards, headhunting and Linkedin and employee referral to attract talents
• Work closely with schools on internship, sponsorship and graduate recruitment
• Participate in Career Fair, Internship and any other recruitment projects

Business Partner

• Business partner with the respective department to provide value-added HR support and relevant advice pertaining to HR issues and provide support to various key HR initiatives and drive staff engagement programmes
• Work closely with line manager on annual performance review, design of training roadmap, employee engagement activities, recruitment and any other HR matters to drive attraction, retention and engagement
• Communicate effectively any HR-related policies changes and updates to all staff in the business units assigned
• Perform any other duties as assigned and requested by Manager.

Requirement:

• Possess at least a Degree in Business Administration or Human Resources
• At least 8 year experience in recruitment and business partnering
• Preferably with supervisory experience
• Experience in using HRMS (Prosoft preferred)
• Strong comprehension and communication skills, both written and spoken to interface with all levels of people internally and externally

Interested candidates can forward their CVs in MS Word format to [email protected]

Reg No. R1549345

Triton AI Pte Ltd

License no. 21C0661

Job Summary:
The Production Lead Engineer will be responsible for overseeing and managing the production process of chemical products within the organization. This role requires a strong background in chemical engineering, production management, and quality control, as well as the ability to lead and mentor a team. The incumbent will play a key role in ensuring the efficient and safe production of chemical products while adhering to industry standards and regulatory requirements.

Responsibilities:

• Oversee and manage the overall production process, including planning, scheduling, and coordination of resources to ensure timely and efficient production of chemical products.
• Implement and maintain quality control measures to ensure that all produced chemical products meet the required quality standards and specifications.
• Identify opportunities for process optimization and efficiency enhancement and lead the implementation of improvement initiatives to maximize production output and minimize waste.
• Provide leadership and guidance to the production team, including training, mentoring, and performance management, to ensure a skilled and motivated workforce.
• Ensure compliance with safety protocols and regulations to maintain a safe working environment for all production personnel and to prevent accidents or incidents.
• Oversee inventory levels and ensure that raw materials and finished products are efficiently managed to meet production demands and minimize excess inventory.
• Analyse and resolve any production-related issues or challenges, working collaboratively with cross-functional teams to implement effective solutions in a timely manner.
• Maintain accurate documentation of production processes, including standard operating procedures, production reports, and quality control records, to ensure compliance with regulatory standards and facilitate knowledge sharing.
• Monitor production costs and implement strategies to optimize production expenses while maintaining product quality and meeting production targets.
• Stay updated on industry trends, technological advancements, and best practices in production engineering, and integrate relevant knowledge to enhance production processes and overall efficiency.
• Develop detailed project plans for the implementation of cultural change initiatives, ensuring alignment with data-driven insights.
• Foster a culture of continuous improvement by collecting feedback, iterating on strategies, and adapting cultural change initiatives based on ongoing data analysis.

Requirement:

• Bachelor's or Master's Degree in Chemical Engineering or a related field.
• Minimum of 7 years of experience in production management within the chemical industry, with a strong understanding of production processes and quality control systems.
• Proven leadership experience, with excellent interpersonal and communication skills.
• Proficiency in production management software and tools.
• Thorough knowledge of safety and regulatory standards related to chemical production processes.
• Strong analytical and problem-solving skills, with a focus on process optimization and continuous improvement.
• Ability to work effectively in a fast-paced and dynamic production environment

Interested candidates can forward their CVs in MS Word format to [email protected]

Reg No. R1549345

Triton AI Pte Ltd

License no. 21C0661

Details:

• 12 Month Contract
• Salary range up to $4,000
• Completion Bonus 1 month given
• UK MNC Chemical Industry
• Location: Jurong East MRT

Responsibilities:

• To prepare, maintain, communicate, and coordinate diverse commercial administration in support of all sales activities.
• Materials will include price lists, quotations, product specifications, datasheets, Technical Service Enquiries, sales master data, and other documentation as required by systems, companies, agents an customers
• Maintain, communicate and coordinate internal online ordering platform.
• Support and communicate closely with other departments, maintaining records of sales data and promotly assist customer enquiries. 
• Own the customer relationship for designated customers/territories including price setting within defined limits.
• Prepare commercial quotations in response to new customer enquiries. Informing customers of pricing and otl contractual conditions within agreed guidelines.
• Ensure compliance with agreed procedures and take the decision when to escalate issues for approval plan and prioritise daily workload within guidelines.
• Regular direct contacts with customers requiring appropriate commercial sensitivity and communication style of the customer relationship.
• Broad knowledge of systems & processes (e.g. ERP, CRM). Identify opportunities for efficiency improvement administrative systems

Requirement:

• Minimum Diploma in any relevant.
• Technologically savvy – proven experience as administrator of online ordering platform/ system, able to navigate backend settings and troubleshoot order variance.
• Experience working in MNC organizations and managing multiple stakeholders.
• Contract role for 1 year, subject to renewable and convertible to permanent.

Interested candidates can forward their CVs in MS Word format to [email protected]

Reg No. R1549345

Triton AI Pte Ltd

License no. 21C0661

Career Category

Job Description

Specialist Manufacturing (Process Support)

Amgen Singapore Manufacturing

HOW MIGHT YOU DEFY IMAGINATION?

Amgen is one of the world’s leading independent biotechnology companies. For over 4 decades, Amgen has pioneered biotechnology breakthroughs, to bring state-of-the-art medicines from laboratory to the patient. Amgen has not only discovered and developed innovative human therapeutics, but has invested in cutting edge manufacturing capability and support services to deliver these exciting therapies to medical teams around the world. Japan and Asia Pacific (JAPAC) is the fastest growing region in Amgen. Now we are hiring a Specialist Manufacturing in Amgen Singapore Manufacturing.

Specialist Manufacturing (Process Support)

Live

What you will do

The Specialist Manufacturing will be reporting to the Senior Manager Manufacturing, we are seeking to appoint a well-qualified and experienced individual to assume the role of Manufacturing Specialist. With minimal direction or supervision, the Manufacturing Specialist has three main core responsibilities: Contamination control, Inspection readiness and Productivity. It offers a broad exposure to all key aspects of GMP manufacturing as well as tactical and strategic teamwork within the extended worldwide manufacturing network.

Main Responsibilities:

Contamination Control

• Contamination Control Lead for ASM1 Manufacturing

  • Lead contamination program and strategies in ASM1 manufacturing.

  • Represent ASM1 Manufacturing in the Contamination Control Network (CCN) and actively collaborate with the network

  • Responsible for metrics review and reporting pertaining to the contamination control program

  • Serve as subject matter expert during regulatory inspections for contamination control related topics

• Maintain clean room procedures, gowning practices, contamination response and oversee the environmental monitoring program.

• Perform routine monitoring, identify weak signals and provide prompt follow ups to mitigate potential contamination risks.

• Ensure adherence and alignment to regulatory guidelines and standards, and network requirements.

• Lead and drive root cause analysis investigations arising from contamination events/deviations including the development and implementation of corrective and preventive actions with minimal supervision

• Identify and drive opportunities to optimize ASM1 Manufacturing’s contamination control program and its effectiveness

• Support gowning training where applicable as qualified trainer.

Inspection Readiness

• Serve as Pre-Approval Inspection (PAI) Lead for ASM1 Manufacturing

  • Work closely with Compliance and cross-functional teams to ensure prompt follow-ups on inspection requests

  • Develop and build up ASM1 Manufacturing’s technical expertise and capabilities to ensure site inspection readiness (e.g., pressure tests)

• Triage lead for ASM1 Manufacturing during regulatory inspections / audits

• Establish defined timelines and provide follow ups on audit findings, near misses and lessons learnt

• Working knowledge of key systems including change controls, deviations / investigations, corrective / preventive actions

• Support ASM2 Manufacturing to ensure ASM2 Manufacturing inspection readiness (areas related to change controls and deviations)

Process Support

• Spearhead and champion ASM1 Manufacturing Productivity Ideation to cultivate continuous improvement culture and build a robust productivity initiatives pipeline – to drive productivity savings

  • Use of Operational Excellence (OE) tools (e.g., value stream mapping, elimination of waste) to advance productivity initiatives (from ideation to realisation)

• Identify and implement continuous improvement initiative to enhance operational stability.

• Responsible for the maintenance and continuous refresh of ASM1 Manufacturing Support Team (MST) dashboard

  • To advance and optimize the MST dashboard to incorporate meaningful performance metrics

• Trained SME on Failure Mode and Effective Analysis (FMEA) and maintain risk assessments pertaining to ASM Manufacturing

  • Serve as facilitator in FMEA risk assessment discussions and engage key stakeholders appropriately to manage risk assessment revisions / updates ensuring continued compliance

• Lead, manage and implement change controls independently where applicable.

Win

What we expect of you

Qualifications

• Doctorate degree OR

• Master’s degree and 2 years of related experience OR

• Bachelor’s degree and 4 years of related experience OR

• Diploma and 8 years of directly related experience

• Technical knowledge of biopharmaceutical upstream, downstream processing and single use system

• Understanding of regulatory guidelines and requirements pertaining to contamination control in biologics manufacturing

• Strong communication skills – ability to to communicate effectively with the cross-functional stakeholders and network partners 

• Ability to work under minimal guidance and drive continuous improvement initiatives and lead highly complex investigations

• Strong analytical and critical thinking capability – ability to respond to changes, gather required data, evaluate options, and communicate analysis recommendations to facilitate decision making

• Ability to coach, train and develop Manufacturing Associates

Your selection for this role w be subject to fulfilling the medical requirements of this job scope. If so, you will be informed of the medical check(s) that you may need to undergo. All medical related expenses incurred from this medical check shall be borne by the company.

Thrive

What you can expect of us

As we work to develop treatments that take care of others, so we work to care for our teammates’ professional and personal growth and well-being.

• Vast opportunities to learn and move up and across our global organization

• Diverse and inclusive community of belonging, where teammates are empowered to bring ideas to the table and act

• Generous Total Rewards Plan comprising health, finance and wealth, work/life balance, and career benefits

Apply now for a career that defies imagination

In our quest to serve patients above all else, Amgen is the first to imagine, and the last to doubt. Join us.

careers.amgen.com

Equal Opportunity Statement

Amgen is an Equal Opportunity employer and will consider you without regard to your race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, protected veteran status, or disability status.

We will ensure that individuals with disabilities are provided a reasonable accommodation to participate in the job application or interview process, to perform essential job functions, and to receive other benefits and privileges of employment. Please contact us to request an accommodation.

Company Overview: 

Are you ready to kick-start your career in the dynamic world of chemical manufacturing? Join our client, a leading MNC, where every day is an opportunity to make a significant impact. They are looking for enthusiastic individuals who are willing to perform 12-hour shifts and take on the challenge of leading a group of Production Technicians to ensure the safe and smooth running of production.

Key Highlights 

• Competitive Compensation: Earn up to Basic $3300 along with fixed allowances of $1100, candidates with relevant experiences salary can be negotiate 
• Work Location: Located at Jurong Island with company transport provided at Jurong East
• MNC Environment: Be part of a multinational chemical manufacturing company, where innovation and growth are at the core of our operations.
• Entry-Level Opportunity: Perfect for graduates with a degree in Chemical Engineering, this role provides a solid foundation for your career.

Responsibilities:

• Leadership Role: Lead a group of Production Technicians in ensuring the safe and smooth running of production operations.
• Operational Optimization: Assist the Process Engineer in conducting activities and projects to optimize operations during shifts, achieving both operational and cost efficiency.
• Troubleshooting Expert: Take charge of troubleshooting plant/equipment/quality issues and recommend effective counter-measures.
• Equipment Integrity: Monitor and ensure the integrity and reliability of plant equipment.
• Operational Support: Assist the Process Engineer in supporting shift operations by providing suitable operating conditions for stable plant operation and product quality control.
• Training and Development: Play a crucial role in training and developing team members, fostering a culture of continuous learning.

• Possess a degree in Chemical Engineering or its equivalent.
• Experienced candidates in petroleum, chemical, or polymer industries are warmly welcome to apply.
• Possess knowledge of process control and troubleshooting, with hands-on experience in plant equipment and instrumentation.
• Only Singaporeans may apply

If you are ready to embark on a challenging yet rewarding journey in the world of chemical manufacturing, apply now and be part of a team that values your skills, dedication, and potential for growth. Interested candidates can forward their CVs in MS Word format to [email protected]

Reg No. R1983718

Triton AI Pte Ltd

License no. 21C0661

Our client is a multinational company in chemical industry, seeking a motivated and detail-oriented Sales Administrator to join the team.

• 12 Months Contract (Convertible or Renewable Due to Business Need) 
• Salary: Up to $4000 + Completion Bonus 
• Location: MRT Accessible
• Working Hours: Monday to Friday 8.30am to 5pm 

Responsibilities:

• Prepare, maintain, and communicate diverse commercial documentation, including price lists, quotations, product specifications, datasheets, Technical Service Enquiries, sales master data, and other required materials.
• Maintain, communicate, and coordinate the internal online ordering platform.
• Support and closely communicate with other departments, maintaining accurate records of sales data, and promptly assist customer inquiries.
• Own the customer relationship for designated customers/territories, including price setting within defined limits.
• Prepare commercial quotations in response to new customer enquiries, informing customers of pricing and contractual conditions within agreed guidelines.
• Ensure compliance with agreed procedures and escalate issues for approval when necessary.
• Identify opportunities for efficiency improvement in administrative systems.
• Demonstrate broad knowledge of systems and processes (e.g., ERP, CRM).

• Minimum Diploma in a relevant field.
• Experience in the manufacturing industry or industrial background.
• Technologically savvy with proven experience as an administrator of online ordering platforms/systems, capable of navigating backend settings and troubleshooting order variances.
• Previous experience working in multinational organizations and managing multiple stakeholders.
• Strong organizational and multitasking skills.
• Excellent communication and interpersonal skills, with the ability to maintain commercial sensitivity.
• Familiarity with ERP and CRM systems.
• Ability to plan and prioritize daily workload within established guidelines.

Interested candidates can forward their CVs in MS Word format to [email protected]

Reg No. R1983718

Triton AI Pte Ltd

License no. 21C0661

Responsibilities

• Lead a team of line leaders and operators to meet daily production output, quality, productivity and yield.

• Conduct daily pass-down meetings and escalate line issues if any

• Oversee manpower/overtime and consumables planning

• Ensure manufacturing and safety procedures are being followed

• Conduct training/coaching to leaders & operators to improve performance

• Implement ideas and improvement activities to prevent human errors

• Ensure good discipline and housekeeping in the line

• Coordinate with other departments to support projects, evaluations and preventive maintenance activities in the fab

Requirements

• Diploma/Degree in Engineering/Science/Production/IT

• Preferably experienced in high-tech, high-vol manufacturing environment

• Good leadership and communication skills

• Willing to work 12-hour shifts (day or night)

Today, Lonza is a global leader in life sciences operating across three continents. While we work in science, there’s no magic formula to how we do it. Our greatest scientific solution is talented people working together, devising ideas that help businesses to help people. In exchange, we let our people own their careers. Their ideas, big and small, genuinely improve the world. And that’s the kind of work we want to be part of.

Did you know that we are the 1st biologics contract manufacturer in Singapore? We offer you exposure to upcoming biotech and established pharmaceutical companies and to the manufacturing technology needed to produce mammalian treatments and cell therapies of tomorrow. Our global manufacturing network is recognized for its reliable, high-quality services, regulatory track record, global footprint, innovative technology platforms and extensive experience – we, in Singapore are proud to be part of this global network.

We have a great opportunity for Biotechnologist to join our Manufacturing Central Operations group at our Tuas site in Singapore. Reporting to the Section Lead/Manager, you will be responsible for the manufacturing of therapeutic proteins under cGMP conditions.

You will be working in 12-hour rotating shift in a 2-2 3-2 2-3 pattern and will be compensated with shift premium and allowances!

Key responsibilities:

• Learn and perform well-defined procedures within a GMP manufacturing setting
• Perform equipment monitoring & and basic 6S housekeeping
• Perform basic laboratory tasks (e.g. sampling, pH/ conductivity/ osmolality measurements etc.)
• Perform routine sanitization tasks to maintain facility standards
• Trained & signed off on Performance Measures (PMs) relating to CIP/ SIP/ basic tank & instrument operations
• Demonstrate aseptic technique in the handling of product/ materials
• Perform basic process & equipment troubleshooting
• Multi-task on equipment preparations & operations to ensure adherence to schedule
• Attain full competency in the performance of all operations relevant to manufacturing areas assigned.
• Display basic process & equipment troubleshooting ability under routine scenarios.
• Become a technical process expert by exhibiting basic understanding of critical process/operational parameters and target/acceptable ranges, as well as interactions between different process parameters.
• Use Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), logbooks & Batch Records (BRs) effectively & competently
• Submit samples via Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS)

Materials & Equipment Preparations

• Able to identify the correct materials by part number and FEFO lots.
• Select appropriate Dispensing Booths/Hoods and Weight balance.
• Identify sampling requirements based on material RMS.
• Assemble Autoclave assembly per SOP.
• Able to perform equipment wash without stains and residues.

Solutions Preparations

• Enhanced knowledge of the different setup and equipment use between customers for different operations, e.g.: CIPs and buffer/media transfer
• Able to identify and lead the installation of the different set up and equipment for different customers for different operations, e.g.: CIPs and buffer/media transfer
• Understand the criticality of setting up the right path and equipment for different customers
• In depth knowledge of the different set up and the equipment use between single use and the conventional stainless steel equipment
• Able to formulate plans for executing CIPs to meet different customers requirement, e.g., the CIPs of the HTST.

Key requirements:

• Diploma/NITEC in a related Science/Engineering discipline or some relevant work experience in a similar industry
• Knowledge of Biopharmaceutical processing is not essential, but an added asset
• Knowledge of cGMP applications
• Positive team oriented attitude
• Strong communication and interpersonal skills
• Willing to perform rotating 12-hour shift pattern

Every day, Lonza’s products and services have a positive impact on millions of people. For us, this is not only a great privilege, but also a great responsibility. How we achieve our business results is just as important as the achievements themselves. At Lonza, we respect and protect our people and our environment. Any success we achieve is no success at all if not achieved ethically.

People come to Lonza for the challenge and creativity of solving complex problems and developing new ideas in life sciences. In return, we offer the satisfaction that comes with improving lives all around the world. The satisfaction that comes with making a meaningful difference.

JOB SUMMARY

Manufacturing Engineer will be responsible for planning, designing, implementing, and managing; integrated, production and service delivery systems that assure performance, reliability, maintainability, schedule adherence and cost control within the production site. The Manufacturing Engineer will adopt as its goals profitability, effectiveness, adaptability, responsiveness, quality, and the continuous improvement of products and services throughout their life cycles.

ESSENTIAL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES:

· Able to perform Assembly process for High Level Assembly (HLA). Create procedures for processes and train staffs accordingly.

· Knowledge on assembly drawing, interpretation part drawing and specification is a must. Candidate with Medical product understanding will be added advantage,

· Report writing, perform DFM and able to communicate within internal and external stakeholders.

· Strong understanding on PFMEA, Process Flow, Control Plan and Process risk Assessments.

· Communicate frequently with operations, technical, and quality representatives within area of support through the tier process.

· Provide leadership and commitment in supporting continuous improvements in quality, productivity, and delivery performance through the deployment of continuous improvement framework.

· Reviews all input from Engineering Department, ECO’s, new product releases, configuration control policies, marking requirements, and participates in the DFM process.

· Solid understanding on BOM, ECN process, PCN and shop floor management will good plus.

· Monitor and continuously improve daily quality/efficiency performance for assigned areas. Exposure on Lean Tools example Cycle Time, TAKT Time, LBR is key, waste reduction etc would point to gauge.

· Involve on new product development by working with R&D, New Product Development and Quality to provide Design for Manufacturability guidance on hardware.

· Adhere to all safety and health rules and regulations associated with this position and as directed by supervisor. Comply with all procedures within the company security policy.

REQUIREMENTS:

Candidate must possess at least a Diploma, Degree, Engineering (Mechatronic/Mechanical) or equivalent. At least 5 year(s) of working experience in the related field is required for this position.

Technician Production Maintenance

At Alcon, we are driven by the meaningful work we do to help people see brilliantly. We innovate boldly, champion progress, and act with speed as the global leader in eye care. Here, you’ll be recognized for your commitment and contributions and see your career like never before. Together, we go above and beyond to make an impact in the lives of our patients and customers. We foster an inclusive culture and are looking for diverse, talented people to join Alcon.

As an Technician Production Maintenance you are tasked to perform preventive and corrective maintenance of Compounding, Filling and packaging and to support project team activities at Tuas. In this role, a typical day will include:

Responsibilities

• Responsible for in-process and final product quality analyses/inspection in compliance with standards and regulatory requirements.

• Interprets and evaluates the analyses in terms of accuracy and precision compared against established specifications.

• Identifies on-going quality issues, prevents potential production issues, and makes suggestions for improvement.

• Uses various measuring devices, testing equipment, predetermined methods, operations, setups and prescribed specifications to accept or reject products.

• May work from blueprints, diagrams, dial indicators, preset micrometers, scales, fixtures, customer specifications, drawing or inspection instructions and checklists.

What You'll Bring to Alcon

• Min Diploma in any Engineering studies

• 1-3 years of experience in preventive and corrective maintenance.

Why Join Us:

• Opportunity to work with a leading global medical device company.
• Collaborate with a diverse and talented team in a supportive work environment.
• Competitive compensation package and comprehensive benefits.
• Continuous learning and development opportunities.

Today, Lonza is a global leader in life sciences operating across three continents. While we work in science, there’s no magic formula to how we do it. Our greatest scientific solution is talented people working together, devising ideas that help businesses to help people. In exchange, we let our people own their careers. Their ideas, big and small, genuinely improve the world. And that’s the kind of work we want to be part of.

Did you know that we are the 1st biologics contract manufacturer in Singapore? We offer you exposure to upcoming biotech and established pharmaceutical companies and to the manufacturing technology needed to produce mammalian treatments and cell therapies of tomorrow. Our global manufacturing network is recognized for its reliable, high-quality services, regulatory track record, global footprint, innovative technology platforms and extensive experience – we, in Singapore are proud to be part of this global network.

We have a number of great opportunities for Biotechnologists to join our Manufacturing Team at our Tuas site in Singapore. Reporting to the Section Lead/Manager, you will be responsible for the manufacturing of therapeutic proteins under cGMP conditions.

You will be working in 12-hour rotating shift in a 2-2 3-2 2-3 pattern and will be compensated with shift premium and allowances!

Key responsibilities:

• Learn and perform well-defined procedures within a GMP manufacturing setting
• Perform equipment monitoring & and basic 6S housekeeping
• Perform basic laboratory tasks (e.g. sampling, pH/ conductivity/ osmolality measurements etc.)
• Perform routine sanitization tasks to maintain facility standards
• Trained & signed off on Performance Measures (PMs) relating to CIP/ SIP/ basic tank & instrument operations
• Demonstrate aseptic technique in the handling of product/ materials
• Perform basic process & equipment troubleshooting
• Multi-task on equipment preparations & operations to ensure adherence to schedule
• Attain full competency in the performance of all operations relevant to manufacturing areas assigned.
• Display basic process & equipment troubleshooting ability under routine scenarios.
• Become a technical process expert by exhibiting basic understanding of critical process/operational parameters and target/acceptable ranges, as well as interactions between different process parameters.
• Use Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), logbooks & Batch Records (BRs) effectively & competently
• Submit samples via Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS)

Cell Culture (Upstream large scale)

• Skill and knowledge of aseptic technique for subculture stages example using culture flask, spinners, wave bioreactors, etc.
• Technical knowledge on the bioreactor culture control example pH/DO control, CO2/O2 control, cell performance, and metabolites analysis.

Purification (Downstream large scale)

• Skill and knowledge of column chromatography techniques, tangential flow filtration techniques, micro/Nano filtration techniques, pH/Conductivity adjustment techniques, aseptic techniques.
• Technical knowledge on the chromatography operating interface example using UNICORN software and various DeltaV control parameters for chromatography and UF operation.
• Knowledge in single use applications for the respective processes.

Key requirements:

• Degree/Diploma in a related Science/Engineering discipline
• Some relevant work experience in a similar manufacturing industry or cleanroom environment
• Knowledge of Biopharmaceutical processing is an added asset
• Knowledge of cGMP applications
• Positive team oriented attitude
• Strong communication and interpersonal skills
• Willing to perform rotating 12-hour shift pattern

Every day, Lonza’s products and services have a positive impact on millions of people. For us, this is not only a great privilege, but also a great responsibility. How we achieve our business results is just as important as the achievements themselves. At Lonza, we respect and protect our people and our environment. Any success we achieve is no success at all if not achieved ethically.

People come to Lonza for the challenge and creativity of solving complex problems and developing new ideas in life sciences. In return, we offer the satisfaction that comes with improving lives all around the world. The satisfaction that comes with making a meaningful difference.

Details:

• 12 Month Contract
• Salary range up to $4,000
• Completion Bonus 1 month given
• UK MNC Chemical Industry
• Location: Jurong East MRT

Responsibilities:

• To prepare, maintain, communicate, and coordinate diverse commercial administration in support of all sales activities.
• Materials will include price lists, quotations, product specifications, datasheets, Technical Service Enquiries, sales master data, and other documentation as required by systems, companies, agents an customers
• Maintain, communicate and coordinate internal online ordering platform.
• Support and communicate closely with other departments, maintaining records of sales data and promotly assist customer enquiries. 
• Own the customer relationship for designated customers/territories including price setting within defined limits.
• Prepare commercial quotations in response to new customer enquiries. Informing customers of pricing and otl contractual conditions within agreed guidelines.
• Ensure compliance with agreed procedures and take the decision when to escalate issues for approval plan and prioritise daily workload within guidelines.
• Regular direct contacts with customers requiring appropriate commercial sensitivity and communication style of the customer relationship.
• Broad knowledge of systems & processes (e.g. ERP, CRM). Identify opportunities for efficiency improvement administrative systems

Requirement:

• Minimum Diploma in any relevant.
• Technologically savvy – proven experience as administrator of online ordering platform/ system, able to navigate backend settings and troubleshoot order variance.
• Experience working in MNC organizations and managing multiple stakeholders.
• Contract role for 1 year, subject to renewable and convertible to permanent.

Interested candidates can forward their CVs in MS Word format to [email protected]

Reg No. R1549345

Triton AI Pte Ltd

License no. 21C0661

Responsibilities:

· Execute production assembly and test by following manufacturing process work instructions.

· Filling up production check list and all ISO documents for production

· Prepare, install, program programmable components.

· Perform configurations, recordkeeping, and quality check efforts.

· Perform minor troubleshooting, repairs, and replacements for robots.

· Perform housekeeping as per 5S program and area cleaning on regular intervals.

· Comply with safety and environmental regulations.

· Handle periodic physical count for in direct materials.

· Work closely with departments to ensure committed schedules are met.

· Liaise with the Supply Chain department in receiving items.

· Other ad-hoc duties assigned.

Requirments:

· Diploma or Higher Nitec/Nitec in mechatronic/ mechanical or electrical background preferred.

· Experience in equipment assembly and test preferred

· Able to comply to safety procedures.

· Must be physically fit and able to carry heavy stuff that is at least 20 kg and above.

· Able to work with Excel, Word, PowerPoint and photo taking.

· Able to read and interpret drawings and work instructions.

· Comfortable in hands on assembly and troubleshooting work.

· Able to follow assembly sequences and instructions closely.

· Willing to work overtime when required.